Lecture 1

Question 1

fxns of cellular energy

Answer 1

• drive chemical rxns
• transport substances across membranes
• mechanical work
• keep organisms warm

Question 2

cellular respiration

Answer 2

• catabolic rxn
• includes aerobic respiration and fermentation
• aerobic: sugar + 6 O2 –> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy (ATP+heat)
• fermentation: produces ethanol or lactate; sugar –> 2 CO2 + 2 eth/lac + energy (ATP+heat)

Question 3

catabolic pathways

Answer 3

• fermentation: partial degradation of sugars occuring without oxygen
• aerobic respiration: brak down of organic molecules using oxygen
• anaerobic respiration: similar to aerobic but without oxygen

Question 4

catabolic pathways

Answer 4

• yield energy by oxidizing organic fuels

Question 5

redox rxns

Answer 5

• chemical rxns involving transfer of electrons
• transfer of electrons during chemical rxns release energy stored
• energy used to synthesis ATP

Question 6

oxidation

Answer 6

• loss of electrons

Question 7

reduction

Answer 7

• gain of electrons

Question 8

electron transfer

Answer 8

• electronegativity
• electron affinity
• electron loses potential energy when shifted from less electronegative atom to more electronegative one (energy released)

Question 9

electron sharing

Answer 9

• redox occurs when transfer of electrons not complete
• involves change in degree of electron sharing in covalent bonds

Question 10

glycolysis and citric acid cycle

Answer 10

• involve braking down complex molecules to simpler
• release NADH; FADH2; ATP