Lecture 1

Question 1

What period does the embryonic stage of development refer to?

A) From fertilization to birth
B) From fertilization to week 8
C) From week 8 to birth
D) From gametogenesis to fertilization

Answer 1

B) From fertilisation to week 8

Question 2

Which process involves the creation of gametes through a specialized form of cell division?

A) Mitosis
B) Gametogenesis
C) Organogenesis
D) Spermiogenesis

Answer 2

B) Gametogenesis

Question 3

What is the ploidy of a primary spermatocyte?

A) Haploid, 23 chromosomes
B) Diploid, 23 chromosomes
C) Diploid, 46 chromosomes
D) Haploid, 46 chromosomes

Answer 3

C) Diploid, 46 Chromosomes

Question 4

When do primordial germ cells first appear during development?

A) Week 5
B) Week 4
C) At birth
D) After puberty

Answer 4

B) Endoderm of Yolk sac at week 4

Question 5

Which cell type controls the environment within the seminiferous tubules and aids in regulating spermatogenesis?

A) Sertoli cells
B) Leydig cells
C) Spermatogonia
D) Primary spermatocytes

Answer 5

A) Sertoli cells

Question 6

During meiosis, how many chromosomes are present in a secondary spermatocyte?

A) 46
B) 23
C) 92
D) 2

Answer 6

B) 23

Question 7

At what stage does the process of spermatogenesis begin?

A) At fertilization
B) At birth
C) At puberty
D) During the fetal period

Answer 7

C) At puberty

Question 8

What process is responsible for the maturation of spermatids into spermatozoa?

A) Spermatogenesis
B) Spermiogenesis
C) Meiosis II
D) Fertilization

Answer 8

B) Spermiogenesis

Question 9

Ovulation typically occurs due to a surge in which hormones?

A) FSH and estrogen
B) LH and progesterone
C) FSH and LH
D) Testosterone and LH

Answer 9

C) FSH and LH

Question 10

Which enzymes are involved in the penetration of the zona pellucida by sperm during fertilization?

A) Hyaluronidase
B) Acrosin
C) Neuraminidase
D) Glycosyltransferase

Answer 10

B) Acrosin
C) Neuraminidase

Question 11

What happens to the sperm tail after the fusion of sperm and oocyte membranes?

A) It persists in the zygote
B) It forms the male pronucleus
C) It degenerates
D) It forms the spindle fibers

Answer 11

C) it degenerates

Question 12

What is the significance of the cortical reaction during fertilization?

A) It allows multiple sperm to fertilize the oocyte
B) It prevents polyspermy
C) It releases acrosomal enzymes
D) It triggers oocyte maturation

Answer 12

B) Prevents Polyspermy

Question 13

How many primary oocytes are present at birth?

A) 7 million
B) 2 million
C) 40,000
D) 12

Answer 13

B) 2 Million

Question 14

Which phase of the uterine cycle corresponds to the thickening of the endometrium due to progesterone?

A) Menstruation
B) Proliferative phase
C) Secretory phase
D) Premenstrual phase

Answer 14

C) Secretory phase

Question 15

Where does Spermatogenesis take place?

A) In the gonadal ridge
B) In the endoderm of the yolk sac
C) In the ovary
D) In the seminiferous tubules

Answer 15

D) in the seminiferous tubules

Question 16

During what week do PGCs migrate into the future gonad region?

A) Week 4
B) Week 6
C) Week 5
D) Week 8

Answer 16

C) Week 5

Question 17

What process occurs in both spermatogenesis and oogenesis to reduce chromosome numbers by half?

A) Mitosis
B) Gametogenesis
C) Meiosis
D) Spermiogenesis

Answer 17

C) Meiosis

Question 18

In spermatogenesis, what is the ploidy of spermatids after the completion of meiosis II?

A) Diploid
B) Haploid
C) Tetraploid
D) Polyploid

Answer 18

B) Haploid

Question 19

what stage is a secondary oocyte arrested before ovulation?

A) Prophase of meiosis I
B) Metaphase of meiosis II
C) Anaphase of meiosis II
D) Telophase of meiosis I

Answer 19

B) Metaphase of meiosis II

Question 20

When does the first arrest in the development of oocytes occur during oogenesis?

A) At fertilization
B) In the metaphase of meiosis II
C) During prophase of meiosis I
D) At puberty

Answer 20

C) During prophase of meiosis I

Question 21

Which of the following factors can suppress ovulation?

A) Neurological diseases
B) Contraction of uterine muscles
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Cilia movement in the fallopian tubes

Answer 21

A) Neurological diseases

Question 22

Where does fertilization typically occur?

A) In the uterus
B) In the ovarian follicles
C) In the ampulla of the uterine tube
D) In the cervix

Answer 22

C) in the ampulla of the uterine tube

Question 23

What process ensures that only one sperm fertilizes the oocyte?

A) Acrosome reaction
B) Spermiogenesis
C) Cortical reaction
D) Zona pellucida penetration

Answer 23

C) Cortical reaction

Question 24

What is the final product formed when male and female pronuclei fuse?

A) Secondary oocyte
B) Zygote
C) Ovum
D) Spermatid

Answer 24

B) Zygote