Lecture 1

Question 1

CLIMATE

Answer 1

Atmospheric
conditions of the
planet or region over a long period of time

Question 2

Atmospheric conditions of the planet or region over a long period of time

Answer 2

CLIMATE

Question 3

WEATHER

Answer 3

describes atmospheric conditions at a particular place and time in terms of air temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed, and precipitation

Question 4

describes atmospheric conditions at a particular place and time in terms of air temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed, and precipitation

Answer 4

WEATHER

Question 5

what do weather describes

Answer 5

air temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed, and precipitation.

Question 6

air temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed, and precipitation.

Answer 6

what do weather describes

Question 7

climate forecast

Answer 7

by aggregates of weather statistics over periods of 30 years

Question 8

weather forecast

Answer 8

collecting statisticla data

Question 9

collecting statisticla data

Answer 9

weather forecast

Question 10

weatehr study

Answer 10

meteorology

Question 11

meteorology

Answer 11

weatehr study

Question 12

climate study

Answer 12

climatology

Question 13

climatology

Answer 13

climate study

Question 14

weather components

Answer 14

sunshine, rain, cloud cover, wind, hail, snow, sleet, freezing rain, flooding, blizzards, ice storms, heat waves

Question 15

climate components

Answer 15

precipitation, temp.,humudity, sunshine, wind, velocity, fog, frost, hail storm, over a period of time

Question 16

weather vs climate
study

Answer 16

climate: climatology

weather: meteorology

Question 17

weather vs climate
forecast

Answer 17

climate
by aggregates of weather statistics over periods of 30 years

weatehr:
collecting statisticla data

Question 18

weather vs climate
components

Answer 18

CLIMATE:
precipitation, temp.,humudity, sunshine, wind, velocity, fog, frost, hail storm, over a period of time

WEATHER:
sunshine, rain, cloud cover, wind, hail, snow, sleet, freezing rain, flooding, blizzards, ice storms, heat waves

Question 19

by aggregates of weather statistics over periods of 30 years

Answer 19

climate forecast

Question 20

global warming?

Answer 20

the increase in the average measured temperature
of the earth’ s atmosphere and oceans

Question 21

the increase in the average measured temperature
of the earth’ s atmosphere and oceans

Answer 21

global warming?

Question 22

The average global air temperature
increased by about _____°C over the
past 100 years

Answer 22

1.18

Question 23

Greenhouse Effect?

Answer 23

a process by which solar radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gases and the temperature of Earth’s atmosphere is increased.

Question 24

a process by which solar radiation
is absorbed by greenhouse
gases and the temperature of
Earth’s atmosphere is increased.

Answer 24

Greenhouse Effect?

Question 25

Greenhouse gas

Answer 25

absorbs radiation at specific wavelengths within the spectrum of radiation (infrared radiation) emitted by the Earth’s surface and by clouds.

Question 26

absorbs radiation at specific wavelengths within the spectrum of radiation (infrared radiation) emitted by the Earth’s surface and by clouds.

Answer 26

Greenhouse gas

Question 27

Greenhous gas 2

Answer 27

The gas in turn emits infrared radiation from a level where the temperature is colder than the surface.

Question 28

emits infrared radiation from a level where the temperature is colder than the surface.

Answer 28

Greenhous gas 2

Question 29

CLIMATE CHANGE

Answer 29

any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity

Question 30

any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity

Answer 30

CLIMATE CHANGE

Question 31

causes climate change (arrow)

Answer 31

BURNING OF FOSSIL FUELS & DEFORESTATION AND BIOMASS BURNING -> “ENHANCED” GREENHOUSE EFFECT -> GLOBAL WARMING -> CLIMATE CHANGE

Question 32

10 indicators of a warmimg world

Answer 32

HIGH: ocean heat content seas surface temperature sea level temperature over oceans humidity air temp near surface (troposphere) temp over land LOW: sea ice glaciers snow cover

Question 33

ice core sampling

Answer 33

can be used to reconstruct temp, atmospheric cerculation strength, ocean volume, etc

Question 34

can be used to reconstruct temp, atmospheric cerculation strength, ocean volume, etc

Answer 34

ice core sampling

Question 35

Albedo Effect

Answer 35

reflectivity of an object in space using a term called albedo. This is the amount of electromagnetic radiation that reflects away, compared to the amount that gets absorbed

Question 36

reflectivity of an object in space using a term called albedo. This is the amount of electromagnetic radiation that reflects away, compared to the amount that gets absorbed

Answer 36

Albedo Effect

Question 37

Glacial Melting

Answer 37

Himalayan glaciers are melting twice as fast now as they were before the turn of the century. Scientists combed 40 years of satellite observations spanning 2,000 kilometers (1,243 miles) across India, China, Nepal and Bhutan, and found that the glaciers have been losing the equivalent of a foot -and-a-half (45 centimeters) of ice each year since 2000.

Question 38

Himalayan glaciers are melting twice as fast now as they were before the turn of the century. Scientists combed 40 years of satellite observations spanning 2,000 kilometers (1,243 miles) across India, China, Nepal and Bhutan, and found that the glaciers have been losing the equivalent of a foot -and-a-half (45 centimeters) of ice each year since 2000.

Answer 38

Glacial Melting

Question 39

Glacial Melting Mt. ____ the highest mountain in Africa, has undergone extensive hydrologic changes over the past century in an area where water resources are critical.

Answer 39

Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania,

Question 40

Glacial Melting Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania,

Answer 40

the highest mountain in Africa, has undergone extensive hydrologic changes over the past century in an area where water resources are critical.

Question 41

Glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF)

Answer 41

a phrase used to describe a sudden release of a significant amount of water retained in a glacial lake

Question 42

a phrase used to describe a sudden release of a significant amount of water retained in a glacial lake

Answer 42

Glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF)