Lecture 1 Flashcards
(20 cards)
What was the Age of Discovery?
A period characterized by European exploration and expansion into new territories.
Who were Ferdinand and Isabel of Spain?
The monarchs who sponsored Christopher Columbus’s voyages.
Define the Encomienda System.
An institution established by the Spanish to compel Indians to labor for Spanish lords.
Who was Bartolomé de las Casas?
A Spanish priest who opposed the mistreatment of Native Americans.
What happened to Roanoke?
It was England’s first colony that disappeared within 12 months.
What year was Jamestown founded?
1607.
Who was John Smith?
Leader of the Jamestown colony who initiated tobacco cultivation.
Who were the Powhatan?
A group of Algonquin people led by Powhatan in the Chesapeake Bay region.
What prompted European exploration during the Age of Discovery?
Economic, religious, forced migration, and the desire for new settlements.
List the regions with chiefdoms and confederacies.
- Mississippi Valley
- Eastern Woodlands
- The Great Lakes
- The Great Plains and Rockies
- The Arid Southwest
- The Pacific Coast
What was a significant impact of the Spanish conquest on Native Americans?
- Widespread enslavement
- Destruction of native villages
- Depletion of gold resources
- Introduction of epidemic diseases
- Reduction of population in Mexico
What did Columbus’s letter to the Sovereigns emphasize?
The triumph of spreading Christianity and economic benefits from new lands.
Fill in the blank: The _______ system compelled Indians to labor for Spanish lords.
Encomienda
True or False: Bartolomé de las Casas supported the mistreatment of Native Americans.
False.
What was the fate of the colonists in Jamestown during the winter of 1609-10?
Reduced from 500 to 60 due to starvation.
What did John Smith say about the Chesapeake Indians?
He described them as fearful, covetous, and often malicious.
What was Powhatan’s strategy against the English colonists?
To starve them out after their repeated plundering.
Fill in the blank: Queen Elizabeth I sponsored many voyages targeting the _______.
Spanish
What was a consequence of the Spanish conquest regarding epidemic diseases?
Introduction of diseases like smallpox and measles that devastated Native populations.
What was the significance of tobacco in Jamestown?
It became the primary economic driver for the colony.
