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Ruminants LEC 1 TO 7 > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

What is the process of manufacturing cattle’s meat from farm to market and to the consumers?

A

Beef production

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2
Q

What type of operation emerged due to the huge demand for meat and meat products?

A

Commercial feedlot fattening operation

CFFO

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3
Q

What is the meat of young cattle called?

A

Veal

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4
Q

What is the meat of mature cattle called?

A

Beef

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5
Q

cattle raised for meat production called?

A

Beef cattle

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6
Q

What term is used for cattle raised in a feedlot?

A

Feeder cattle

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7
Q

What type of cattle operation is designed specifically to produce beef calves?

A

Cow-calf operations

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8
Q

What system is popularly known as “ranching”?

A

Extensive system

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9
Q

What is a large farm on which a particular crop or kind of animal is raised?

A

: Ranch

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10
Q

What law limited the use of pasture areas in ranching?

A

Agrarian Reform Law

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11
Q

What system involves raising cows and bulls to produce calves?

A

Cow-calf operation

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12
Q

What is considered the most challenging cattle operation?

A

Cow-calf operation

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13
Q

What operation typically raises cattle of one breed, often registered?

A

Purebred program or breeder farm operation

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14
Q

What operation involves raising animals in individual stalls for the entire fattening period?

A

Small-scale fattening/feedlot farm

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15
Q

What is the traditional method of feeding cattle in the Philippines?

A

Grass feeding

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16
Q

What feeding system involves animals being tied to a 10-12m rope and allowed to graze?

A

Tethering

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17
Q

What system involves cutting forage and feeding it to confined animals?

A

Cut and carry

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18
Q

What feeding system allows animals to roam open grasslands or fields?

A

Loose grazing

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19
Q

What is a type of animal feeding operation (AFO) used in intensive animal farming?

A

Feedlot or feed yard

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20
Q

What method involves providing a special protein-rich diet to raise weight and meat quality?

A

Feedlot fattening

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21
Q

Enumerate the two (2) types of cattle meat.

A

Veal– the meat of young cattle

Beef – the meat of mature cattle

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22
Q

Enumerate other uses of beef cattle aside from meat production.

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Leather
  • Products used in shampoo
  • Products used in cosmetics
23
Q

Enumerate the characteristics of the cow-calf operation.

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Uses grade or Philippine cows and purebred or high-grade bulls
  2. Involves selling calves at weaning as stockers, or as feeder stocks after grazing them out on the range, or as fat slaughter cattle after feeding them out
  3. Selling heifers to other ranchers for breeding purposes
  4. Extensive use of native pasturesand minimum outlay for supplemental feed/concentrates
  5. May be integrated with orchard or coconut plantation
24
Q

Enumerate the types of feeding cattle.

Study These Flashcards
A

Answer:

  1. Tethering
  2. Loose grazing
  3. Cut and carry
25
**Enumerate the reasons why feedlot fattening has become important** to the livestock industry of the Philippines.
It provides the farmer with **extra income** It gives him year-round work and allows the use of cheap, **plentiful farm by-products** It helps **meet the urgent demand for high-protein foods** in the Filipino diet
26
Enumerate some examples of **farm by-products used in feedlot fattening.**
* Corn stovers * Hay * Silage * Rice straw * Copra meal * Rice bran * Sugarcane tops
27
**Identify the daily concentrate amount** to be **given to animals during the fattening period.**
One to two kilograms per day.
28
Identify the percentage of body weight feed to be given daily **if the feed is air dry.**
3% of body weight
29
Identify the **percentage of body weight feed to be given** daily **if the feed is fresh.**
14% of body weight.
30
Identify the **type of water provision recommended** for cattle during fattening.
Clean water without limit or ad libitum.
31
Identify the effect of a 5% reduction in feed intake.
It will reduce weight gain by 10 percent.
32
Identify the minimum percentage of roughage that must be present in the feed **to prevent bloat and digestive disorders.**
15-20 percent.
33
Identify when cattle eat more during **rainy days.**
During the daytime.
34
Identify when cattle eat more **during summer.**
At night and during the cooler hours.
35
Identify the separate intake method that makes digestion more efficient.
**Eating roughage separately** from concentrates.
36
**Identify the daily saliva secretion volume** stimulated by roughage consumption.
80-120 liters per day.
37
Identify the **recommended bunk space per head to allow cattle to eat slowly.**
12-14 inches.
38
Identify the **effect of leaving deep, wet manure with animals.**
It **reduces both** feed intake and weight gain.
39
Identify the **difference from which returns** in cattle feeding come.
The **difference** between **the buying and selling prices,** and the **gain in weight.**
40
# . Identify **the fattening period required for feeder stocks in feedlot fattening operation.**
**120 to 180** days from the date of purchase.
41
identify the type of feed used to give cattle **a better finish and appearance.**
Answer: **High-energy feeds.**
42
Identify **the required land area for a sheltered feeding area per head** in feedlot fattening.
1.5 to 2 square meters per head.
43
Identify the aim of the Small-holder Cattle Development Project.
To improve cattle productivity through increased efficiency of converting low-value crop residues into high-value beef and beef products.
43
Identify the integration possibility of feedlot fattening with other enterprises.
It may be **integrated with pineapple and sugarcane enterprises** or any setup that produces large quantities of by-product feeds.
43
Identify the **required land area for a fenced loafing area** per head in feedlot fattening.
5 square meters per head.
43
Identify the **common style of backyard cattle raising** in the Philippines.
Paiwi or **Paalaga system**.
43
Identify the **percentage of the total cattle population contributed by the backyard sector.**
92%.
43
Identify the **percentage of total cattle population accounted for by the top five regions.**
56.9%.
44
Identify the **top five regions in backyard cattle raising.**
Ilocos, Southern Tagalog, Central Visayas, Northern Mindanao, and Davao Region.
45
Identify the **practice of force feeding among backyard cattle raisers** in **Batangas.**
Supa or supak
46
Enumerate the feeding systems that can be used to feed cattle.
Tethering b. Loose grazing c. Cut and carry
47
Enumerate the characteristics of a **feedlot fattening operation.**
a.Returns from cattle feeding come from the difference between buying and selling prices, and gain in weight b. Turnover of capital is faster than ranching c. Feeder stocks require a fattening period of only 120 to 180 days d. Use of high-energy feeds for better finish and appearance e. Requires very little land area f. May be integrated with pineapple and sugarcane enterprises
48
enumerate the characteristics of **backyard cattle raising.**
a.One or two heads of either fattening or breeding cattle is raised on a farmer's spare time b. Farmers usually tether animal to graze around the home lot and supplement with farm wastes like rice straw or corn stover/stalks c. Others practice soiling and supplementing with ipil-ipil, rice bran, corn bran or copra meal at 1-2 kg/animal d. Force feeding (supa or supak) is common in Batangas

Ruminants LEC 1 TO 7 (2 decks)

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