Lecture 1

Question 1

What are Clinical Evaluative Sciences?

Answer 1

• Biostatistics
• Epidemiology
• Behavioral Science
• Health Economics

Question 2

The purpose of this course is to make you a life-long learner capable of understanding the dental literature, and a practitioner who can objectively and scientifically apply evidence to evaluate and improve your practice

Answer 2

Goal of course

Question 3

An approach to oral health care that requires the integration clinically relevant scientific evidence, relating to the patient’s oral and medical condition and history, with the dentist’s clinical expertise and the patient’s treatment needs and preferences

Answer 3

Evidence-Based Dentistry

Question 4

Approach to practice and to making clinical decisions.

Answer 4

Patient-centered approach

Question 5

3 components of Evidence based Dentistry

Answer 5

1. The best available scientific evidence.
2. A dentist’s clinical skill and judgment.
3. Patient’s needs and preferences

Question 6

Systematic approach to practicing good dentistry

Answer 6

EBD

Question 7

Outcomes of EBD

Answer 7

• evaluation of science underlying clinical care
• quality of decision making
• reduction in variations in clinical practice

Question 8

The application of the current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients

Answer 8

Evidence-based practice

Question 9

EBD steps

Answer 9

1. Formulate
2. Find
3. Review
4. Integrate
5. Evaluate

Question 10

____A clinically relevant question

Answer 10

Formulate

Question 11

____ The best available evidence

Answer 11

Find

Question 12

____ The evidence for its validity and applicability, strengths & weeknesses

Answer 12

Review

Question 13

_____ the best research evidence with your clinical expertise and patient’s needs, desires, and values

Answer 13

Integrate

Question 14

_____ your efforts and seek ways to improve (self-evaluate)

Answer 14

Evaluate

Question 15

Anatomy of well formulated question

Answer 15

Population of Patient type
Intervention or Exposure
Comparison
Outsome

Question 16

Persons for whom an answer is sought

Answer 16

Population or patient

Question 17

Treatment or exposure related to the clinical condition of interest

Answer 17

Intervention or exposure

Question 18

Alternative treatment or control condition

Answer 18

Comparison

Question 19

Measure (s) used to assess effects

Answer 19

Outcome

Question 20

What are the best levels of evidence?

Answer 20

Systematic reviews and RCT

Question 21

Lowest levels of evidence

Answer 21

Case reports and expert opinions

Question 22

• randomized controlled clinical trials
• non- randomized controlled trials, crossover studies
• cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies
• case studies,
• the consensus opinion of experts

Answer 22

Where best evidence is obtained from

Question 23

Is a comprehensive search for all relevant studies on a specific topic and those identified are then appraised and synthesized according to predetermined and explicit criteria

Answer 23

Systematic Literature Review

Question 24

Synthesizes the best evidences and provides the basis for clinical practice guidelines.

Answer 24

Systematic Literature Review

Question 25

Steps to follow a systematic literature review

Answer 25

- Identify questions to be examined. - Determine the inclusion/exclusion criteria. - Create a search strategy. - Create criteria for study quality. - Development of conclusions.

Question 26

The body of writing in books, journals, reports and other sources that make the sum of knowledge.

Answer 26

Dental Literature

Question 27

Most familiar source of information for students

Answer 27

Textbooks

Question 28

Basic source of current information

Answer 28

Journals

Question 29

What should a well written title maintain?

Answer 29

Informative, concise & attract interest

Question 30

Should tell why the study was done, what was done, found and concluded

Answer 30

Abstract

Question 31

States the problem and current state of knowledge

Answer 31

Introduction

Question 32

Should be presented wit sufficient detail that the reader could repeat the investigation

Answer 32

Materials and methods

Question 33

Presents the data in an organized manner

Answer 33

Results

Question 34

contains the logical arguments linking the results to the work of other investigators.

Answer 34

Discussion

Question 35

Presents the authors conclusions base on the evidence provided and taking into account potential limitations

Answer 35

Conclusion