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Concepts Exam 2 > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Spirituality

A

Spirituality is the awareness of one’s inner self and sense of connection to a higher being, nature, or some purpose greater than oneself

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2
Q

Faith

A

allows people to have firm beliefs despite lack of physical evidence.

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3
Q

Hope

A

refers to an energizing source that has an orientation to future goal and outcomes. Spirituality and faith bring hope. Hope is valuable resource when facing difficult losses

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4
Q

Benefits of Spiritual Well-Being

A 
Experience more joy
Able to forgive themselves and others
Accept hardship and mortality
Improved quality of life
Positive sense of physical and emotional well-being
Provides peace
A sense of purpose and harmony
Extended survival in chronic illness (such as cancer)
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5
Q

Spiritual Distress

A

impaired ability to experience and integrate meaning and purpose in life through connectedness with self, others, art, music, literature nature, and/or a power greater than oneself.

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6
Q

Hopelessness

A

have no hope, having no expectation of good or success, incapable of redemption or improvement

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7
Q

Isolation

A

feeling alone in dealing with tremendous obstacles or loss

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8
Q

Fear

A

Fear of the unknown, of death, or of abandonment

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9
Q

Religion

A

system of organized beliefs and worship that a person practices to outwardly express spirituality.

State of doing

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10
Q

A client asks the nurse to explain spirituality. What is the nurse’s best response?

A

It is awareness of one’s inner self

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11
Q

Know thyself

A

Understand your own beliefs and values
Perform spiritual assessment on yourself to know how you define and use spirituality and religion
Do not impose or assume own beliefs on others

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12
Q

Spiritual Assessment

A

Assess your patient’s spiritual well-being

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13
Q

Nursing Interventions

A

Be present, use therapeutic touch, active listening
Mobilize hope: don’t give false hope
Help patient use spiritual, social, and emotional resources
Be available whenever needed
Ask open ended questions, Encouraging words of support and calm
If participates in formal religion, involve members of clergy or church/temple/mosque/synagogue in the plan of care
Involve family and significant others

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14
Q

Nursing interventions cont

A

Encourage prayer; Offer to pray with patient
Teach relaxation, guided imagery and meditation
Encourage open communication
Encourage reading inspirational or religious texts
Encourage journaling, expression through art, music, other creative form
Encourage listening to religious music
Respect religious icons
Understand and facilitate cultural implications with spirituality, support rituals

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15
Q

A nurse is taking care of a client in Spiritual distress. Which is the best intervention that the nurse could implement for this patient?

A

Use therapeutic touch and communication to build caring relationship

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16
Q

Loss

A

Involuntary separation from something we have possessed and may even have treasured

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17
Q

Maturational loss

A

Necessary loss in normally expected life changes

ex: empty nesters, high school to college

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18
Q

Situational loss

A

Sudden unpredictable external events

ex: paralyzed

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19
Q

Actual loss

A

A person can no longer feel, hear, see, or know a person or object
ex: tornado loss

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20
Q

Perceived loss

A

Uniquely defined by the person experiencing the loss

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21
Q

Grief

A

emotional response to loss

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22
Q

Mourning

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A

social expression of grief and the behaviors associated with loss

ex: wake, funeral

23
Q

Bereavement

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A

includes both grief and mourning

24
Q

Anticipatory Grief

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A

Process of disengaging before actual loss or death occurs

ex: patients with terminal disease, “I wont be able to wall my daughter down the aisle”

25
Complicated Grief
Prolonged or significantly difficult time moving forward after a loss
26
Disenfranchised Grief
Unsupported grief when the relationship to the deceased person is not socially sanctioned, cannot be openly shared or seems of lesser significance. ex: same sex relationships, nurses losing patients
27
Kubler-Ross’s Stages of Dying | Most common
Denial: this can't be happening Anger: higher being, anger at one self, the person who killed someone Bargaining: "If I can just live to see my child walk, I'll go to church everyday" Depression: struggling to move on, sad Acceptance: able to move on and rebuild
28
Bolwby’s Attachment Theory
Numbing: this isn't happening, out of body experience Yearning and Searching: find answers, why did this happen Disorganization and Despair: cannot think right, suddenly crying Reorganization:
29
Bolwby’s Attachment Theory
Numbing: this isn't happening, out of body experience Yearning and Searching: find answers, why did this happen Disorganization and Despair: cannot think right, suddenly crying Reorganization
30
What is the nurse’s role when client experiences loss or grief?
Help the patient accept that the loss is real Support efforts to live without deceased person or in face of disability Allow time to grieve Reassure patient that grief is not linear or occur in ordered stages Interpret “normal” grief Provide continuing support Be alert for signs of ineffective coping
31
Feelings
Sorrow, Anger, Fear, Guilt, Anxiety, Loneliness, Fatigue, Helplessness/Hopelessness, Yearning, Relief
32
Thought Patterns
Disbelief, Confusion/memory problems, inability to concentrate or make decisions, feeling the presence of decease
33
Physical Sensations
Headaches, nausea and appetite disturbances, tightness in the chest and throat, insomnia, oversensitivity to noise, sense of depersonalization, feeling short of breath, muscle weakness, lack of energy, dry mouth Common ones: GI tract (diarrhea)
34
Behaviors
Crying, distancing from people, absentmindedness, dreams of deceased, keeping deceased’s room intact, loss of interest in regular life events, wearing objects that belonged to the deceased
35
What affects how People grieve?
Stage of Development (Age): how old they are affects how they grieve, toddlers don't really understand, older kids understand a little more Personal Relationships: how close you are to them Nature of the Loss: sudden vs chronic, how you lost them, suicide/murder Coping Strategies: journaling, support groups, drinking Socioeconomic Status: may not be a tied together Culture and Ethnicity: some cultures are not allowed to speak of deceased, others celebrate Spiritual and Religious Beliefs: going to heaven, allows know background so you can support
36
A client who recently lost her spouse complains of loss of appetite, unable to make decisions, and insomnia. What is the Best response by the nurse?
“You are having normal grieving symptoms. What are you doing to take care of yourself now?"
37
Palliative Care
Provides relief from pain and other distressing symptoms ***Goal is to achieve the best possible quality of life Neither hastens nor postpones death Offers a support system to help patients live as actively as possible until death Offers a support system to help families cope during the patient’s illness and their own bereavement ***goal is about quality of life
38
Hospice Care
Hospice is a philosophy of care…not a setting for care Hospice care is palliative care for individuals with a terminal illness and a prognosis of less than 6 months to live Priorities: managing pain, comfort, and quality of life
39
How do I take care of a dying client?
Alleviate Symptoms Associated with Dying Promote Spiritual Comfort and Hope Provide Presence Support the Family in this Process
40
Alleviate Symptoms Associated with Dying
``` Pain Skin and mucous membrane discomfort Corneal irritation Fatigue Anxiety Constipation Diarrhea Urinary incontinence Altered nutrition Dehydration Ineffective breathing patterns Noisy breathing ```
41
How do I take care of a client that has died?
Federal and state laws require institutions to have policies and procedures for certain events that occur after death: Requesting organ or tissue donation Autopsy Certifying and documenting the occurrence of a death Providing safe and appropriate postmortem care Postmortem Care: A human body deserves the same respect and dignity as a living person Needs to be prepared in a manner consistent with the patient’s cultural and religious beliefs
42
Which intervention can be delegated to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?
Contacting Organ Center
43
Which intervention can be delegated to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?
Providing postmortem bath
44
Advance Directives
Two Basic Types Both are based on values of informed consent, patient autonomy over end-of-life decisions, truth telling, and control over the dying process.
45
Living Will
Written documents that direct treatment in accordance with a person’s wishes in the event of a terminal illness or condition If heath care professionals follow the directions of the living will, they are immune from liability Person is able to declare which medical procedures he/she wants or does not want when terminally ill or in a persistent vegetative state Can be difficult to interpret Sometimes not clinically specific in unforeseen circumstances
46
Durable Power of Attorney
Legal document that designates a person of one’s choosing to make HC decisions when the patient is no longer able to make decisions on his/her own behalf. This person then makes healthcare decisions based on the patient’s wishes
47
Full code
Uses CPR (compressions, intubation, medications, defibrillator) to restart patient’s heart Code Blue: Medical emergency in adults Code Purple: Medical emergency in children Everything we can to get them back
48
DNR | Do Not Resuscitate
Withhold medical treatment if patient should stop breathing or heart stop beating
49
DNR with Full support
Perform all life sustaining treatment until the patient’s heart stops beating
50
Do Not Intubate (DNI)
Do everything (compressions, medications) but do not intubate
51
Chemical Code
Only give medications but not compressions or intubation
52
DNR with Comfort Care
Cease all current life-sustaining treatments and focus on comfort
53
Which legal documents helps healthcare providers determine end of life decisions? Select all that apply.
Living Will | Durable Power of Attorney

Concepts Exam 2 (2 decks)

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