lecture 1

Question 1

What do you need to bring to the clinic?

Answer 1

• Large hand mirror that can be infected for oral hyagiene instruction
• Two pairs of safety glasses
• Blood pressure cuff

Question 2

What are the 4 components of the periodontium?

Answer 2

• Gingiva
• Cemmentum
• periodontal ligaments
• alveolar bone

Question 3

• Where does the gingiva start?
• where does it end?
• What is it continuous with?
• What type of epithelium is it?
  
  • Whats the exception?

Answer 3

• Starts at the mucogingival junction
• end at the cervix of each tooth
  
  • attaches to teeth via junctional epithelium
• Its continuous with GI mucosa
• Its keratinized mucosa except for the sulcus

Question 4

Where do you find the mucogingival or alveolar mucosa?

Answer 4

Everywhere except for the palate

Question 5

What is marginal gingiva?

Answer 5

• Broder gingiva forming collar around teeth
• about 1 mm wide
• marginal gingiva is free or unattached gingiva
• marginal groove separates marginal gingiva and attached gingiva
• forms soft tissue wall around gingival sulcus

Question 6

1. What is marginal groove?
2. When is it not clear?
3. what does define or represent?

Answer 6

• the marginal groove is a shallow depression that demarcates attached gingiva from the marginal gingiva
• Represents the depth of the sulcus
  
  • Not seen in inflamed gingiva

Question 7

Where is the gingival margin located?

Answer 7

Coronal to CEJ about 1 to 2 mm coronal and scallpped follow the shape and contour of CEJ

Question 8

• What are the boundaries of GIngival sulcus?
  
  • What is the lateral margins
  • Whats the apical part of the sulcus?

Answer 8

1. Lateral boundaries: marginal gingiva and either enamel or cemmentum if recession is found.
2. Apical boundary is the junctional epithelium
3. Depth is 1.5-1.8 mm histologically
4. 2-3 mm clinically

Question 9

• What is the Attached gingiva?
• What demarcates it?
• Is the width constant of attached gingiva?
  
  • Where is it the greatest?
• What makes the width of attached gingiva important?

Answer 9

• Attached gingiva is betweent he mucogingival junction and marginal gingiva
• Demarcated by mucogingival junction
• The width of attached gingiva is not constant. Not between individuals or different teeth in the mouth
• The width of attached gingiva important for clinical planning.
• The width of attached gingiva increases with age
• Mucogingival junction is remains stationary through tout life

Question 10

How to calculate the width of attached gingiva?

Answer 10

You subtracted the sulcus from width of KG

Question 11

• What is interdental gingiva?
• What dictates the shape of the interdental gingiva?
• Whats the difference between the anterior teeth interdental gingiva and posterior teeth?
• What kind of epithelium?

Answer 11

• Interdental gingiva is found in the interproximal areas of teeth.
• The shape depends on the contacts between the teeth
  
  • Anterior proximal IG is pyramidal shaped because contact is narrow
  • Posterior interporxima IG is Col shaped because contact is wider
• The interdental gingiva has non-keratinized epithelium

Question 12

What is sulcular epithelium?

Answer 12

• Semi premiable which makes plaque toxins able to break through
• Extends fromt he coronal part of the junctional epithelium to the crest of gingival margin
• Lines gingival sulcus
• non-keratinized and thin

Question 13

• What is the gingival crevicular fluid?

Answer 13

• Its serum transudate
• it flows from bottom to top
• It overflows the sulcus with serum antibodies
• tetracycline concentrates is 20x more than serum
• It is used for local drugs delivery

Question 14

What is the purpose of junctional epithelium?

Answer 14

• attaches marginal gingiva to the tooth surface
• Its 1-2 mm coronal to apical
• about 15-30 cells layers
• rapid turn over (every 4-6 days)
• Reforms after surgery

Question 15

• What is the gingival texture?
  
  • What causes stippling?

Answer 15

• Its firm resiliant and tightly bound to alveolar bone
• Stippling is due to gingival fibers. Marginal gingival is not stippled

Question 16

What are the shapes of periodontal fibers?

What is their function?

Whats the major cell fiber?

Answer 16

Question 17

What is the function of cementum?

What is the structure of cementum?

Answer 17

Attaches periodontal fibers to tooth surface.

Cellular and acellualr cemmentums.

Not innervated nor vascular

Question 18

• What is th e function and structure of alveolar bone?

Answer 18

• Innervated and vascular.
• constant remodelling because its affected by external forces
• Drugs that affect bone metabolism will affect it