Lecture 1 Flashcards
Approximately _____ new babies with HL are identified every year
12,000
Approximately _____-______ infants and children between birth and 3 years old acquire late- onset hearing loss
4,00-6,000
______ is the most common birth defect
HL
Infants who spend time in the care nursery during the newborn period are at higher risk for _____
HL
92% of children with permanent HL are born to 2 parents who have permanent HL, 1 parent with permanent HL, or to 2 hearing parents.
2 hearing parents
____ _____ is the most common infectious disease of childhood, and is the most common cause of hearing loss,
Ear infections
An estimated __% of very young children’s knowledge is attributed to “_____ _____” of sounds around them
90; incidental reception
Approximately 3-5 children in ____ are born with congenital, significant, permanent, bilateral hearing loss. And an additional __ in ___children will acquire deafness in childhood
1000
3 in 1000
How many infants are born each day with hearing loss?
33
In 1993 fewer than __% of infants were screened for HL prior to leaving the hospital. In 2010, the number increased to more than __%
5%; 98%
What is the goal of Early Hearing Detection & Intervention (EHDI)
To maximize linguistic competence and literacy development for children who are deaf or hard of hearing
What is the importance of Early Hearing Detection & Intervention (EHDI)?
Until the 1990s, children with permanent HL were not identified until 2 1/2 to 3 years old. Now, they are identified at 2-3 months of age.
If HL which is not adequately diagnosed and treated affect what areas of development?
- speech
- language
3, academics - emotional
- psycho social
True or false? Children with HL have to repeat a grade more often than their peers
True
True or False? Children with HL have feelings of isolation and frustration.
True
The Holistic Approach: To be an effective pediatric care provider, one need to think about children holistically. This includes what considerations?
- degree, type, and configuration of HL
- language
- speech
- cognitive factors
- genetics
- family environment
- developmental changes
Outer ear anatomy includes?
Auricle (aka pinna)
External auditory meatus (aka ear canal)
Physiology of the outer - what does?
- collects and resonates sound
- protection of the middle ear
- assists in sound localization
- amplifies high frequencies
Outer ear hearing loss is what type of HL?
Conductive HL
- otitis externa
- impacted cerumen
- aural atresia
- foreign object in the EAC
What is an otoscopy?
An instrument used to look into the ear
_____ is a concave disk-like structure that is the border between the outer and middle ear and is made up of three layers: outer surface, fibrous surface, and inner surface
Tympanic membrane
What is the middle ear filled with?
air
Middle ear anatomy: what does the ME consist of?
- Ossicles: ear bones; smallest bones in the human body
- Eustachian tube
- Ligaments
- Two muscles
Middle ear physiology - what does the ME do?
- Impedance -matching the transfer of energy between air and fluid -Equalizes pressure between ME cavity and nasopharynx - Transmits sound from TM to the cochlea - Applies force to the oval window
