Lecture 1: Anatomy

Question 1

What area lies between the cornea and iris?

Answer 1

Anterior chamber

Question 2

What area lies between iris and vitreous chamber?

Answer 2

Posterior chamber

Question 3

What forms the border between the anterior and posterior chambers?

Answer 3

iris

Question 4

Where in the eye is there NO diffraction?

Answer 4

Pupil

Question 5

What is the most posterior chamber in the eye?

Answer 5

Vitreous chamber

Question 6

What does the vitreous chamber contain?

Answer 6

retina + vitreous gel

Question 7

Optic disc is aka as the “blind spot”…why?

Answer 7

it does not contain rods/cones

Question 8

What is at the center of the macula?

Answer 8

fovea

Question 9

Where is the highest visual acuity located at?

Answer 9

fovea

Question 10

What cells is the optic nerve derived from? And if diseased… it could lead to what demyelinating disorder?

Answer 10

Oligodendrocytes

MS

Question 11

What cells make up the peripheral cranial nerves?

Answer 11

Schwann cells

Question 12

What are the two layers of the retina?

Answer 12

Retinal pigmented epithelium

Neural retina

Question 13

Which photoreceptors perceives BRIGHT light? and what colors?

Answer 13

Cons; blue, red green

Question 14

Which photoreceptors perceives DIM light? and what colors?

Answer 14

Rods: grayish purple

Question 15

Which nucleus serves as “master clock of brain”?

Answer 15

Suprachiasmic nucleus (hypothalamus)

Question 16

Which nucleus deals with pupillary light reflexes?

Answer 16

Pre-tectal nucleus

Question 17

Which nucleus deals with visual reflexes?

Answer 17

Supercolliculus of the midbrain

Question 18

Which nucleus relays information on to the cerebral cortex?

Answer 18

Lateral geniculate nucleus

Question 19

upper retinal fields correspond to __ visual field

Answer 19

UPPER RETINA –> INFERIOR Visual field

Question 20

lower retinal fields correspond to __ visual field

Answer 20

LOWER RETINA –> SUPERIOR Visual field

Question 21

Damage to the nasal retina would produce what type of vision?

Answer 21

Tunnel vision –> loss of all lateral visual fields

Question 22

Nasal retina fibers correspond to what visual space?

Answer 22

Nasal retina –> LATERAL visual space

Question 23

Temporal retina fibers correspond to what visual space?

Answer 23

Temporal retina –> MEDIAL visual space

Question 24

where is the cuneus gyrus located?

Answer 24

Occipital lobe (extends towards parietal lobe)

Question 25

where is the lingual gyrus located?

Answer 25

Occipital lobe (extends towards temporal lobe)

Question 26

What information does the cuneus gyrus relay to the primary visual cortex?

Answer 26

INFERIOR visual fields/ SUPERIOR retinal fields

Question 27

What information does the lingual gyrus relay to the primary visual cortex?

Answer 27

SUPERIOR visual fields/ INFERIOR retinal fields

Question 28

Damage to the cuneus gyrus will cause:

Answer 28

CONTRALATERAL INFERIOR Quadrantanopsia

Question 29

Damage to the lingual gyrus will cause:

Answer 29

CONTRALATERAL SUPERIOR Quadrantanopsia

Question 30

V3,V4,V5 are located in what lobe and correspond to what visual information?

Answer 30

all are int he OCCIPITAL lobe V3--> Form V4 --> Color V5 --> Motion

Question 31

Damage to V5 will cause?

Answer 31

visual motion agnosia

Question 32

if the right V5 was damages, where will you have issues?

Answer 32

RIGHT V5 damage --> loss of motion detection is LEFT visual fields

Question 33

Damage in V4 will cause?

Answer 33

color agnosia

Question 34

V3/V4 are supplied by what artery?

Answer 34

POSTERIOR cerebral artery

Question 35

V5 is supplied by what artery?

Answer 35

MIDDLE cerebral artery