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MIIM30002 - Principles of Immunology > Lecture 1 - Introduction > Flashcards

Lecture 1 - Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

What are granulocytes?

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
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2
Q

What are soluble factors of the innate immune system?

What about the adaptive?

A

Innate:
• Antimicrobial proteins
• Complement
• Cytokines

Adaptive:
• Antibodies

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3
Q

What are some pattern recognition receptors?

A
  • TLRs: toll-like receptors

* RLR

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4
Q

What are the cells of the innate immune system?

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
  • NK cells
  • Macrophages
  • Dendritic cells
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5
Q

What is the role of a monocyte?

A

Becomes a macrophage

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6
Q

What are the cells of the adaptive immune system?

A
  • B cells

* T cells

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7
Q

What are the different types of T cell?

A
  • ‘helper’ T cells (Th1, Th2, Th17, Tfh, Treg)

* CTL: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes

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8
Q

What are the primary lymphoid organs?

What is occurring here?

A
  • Thymus
  • Bone marrow

Production and early selection of B and T cells

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9
Q

What are the secondary lymphoid organs?

What happens here?

A
  • Lymph nodes
  • Tonsils
  • Spleen
  • Peyer’s patches

This where mature, naive lymphocytes reside and encounter their antigen

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10
Q

Why is Koch important?

A

Demonstrated that microbes cause disease

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11
Q

Why is Jenner important?

A

Performed first vaccination

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12
Q

Why is Ehrlich important?

A

Proposed existence of antibodies in serum

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13
Q

Why is Miller important?

A

Discovered the function of the Thymus, and its importance in adaptive immunity

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14
Q

Why is Mechnikov important?

A

Proposed that cells mediate immunity

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15
Q

What did Doherty discover?

A

MHC molecules present antigen to antibodies

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16
Q

What did Janeway discover?

A

Pattern recognition theory

17
Q

What is happening in rheumatoid arthritis?

A

The body’s immune system is attacking cartilage in joints

18
Q

Compare the time frame of innate and adaptive immune response

A

Innate: very fast
Adaptive: takes days to kick in

19
Q

Describe lymph circulation

A
  1. Interstitial fluid drains into lymphatics
  2. Pass through a lymph node (exposed to lymphocytes)
  3. Lymphatic duct
  4. Returned to venous circulation
20
Q

Why is the lymph node important?

A

It is a reflection of everything that is present in the periphery

21
Q

What is the major difference between the thymus and the bone marrow?

A

Bone marrow: gives rise to B cells forever

Thymus: completes production of T cells by the age of 15

22
Q

How did B and T cells get their name?

A

B: Bursa of the Fabricius

T: Thymus

23
Q

Describe the features of Peyer’s patches

A

Organised lymphoid nodules in the gastrointestinal tract
• Ileum

Part of adaptive immune response

Cells:
• B cells: in follicles
• T cells: in intrafollicular zones
• DCs

MIIM30002 - Principles of Immunology (30 decks)

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