lecture 1 - introduction and key terminology

Question 1

what is pharmacology

Answer 1

how drugs interact with other molecules in the body and how they affect the body

Question 2

pharmacy definition

Answer 2

the science of preparing, compounding, dispensing, and explaining the proper use of medicines

Question 3

Pharmacology characteristics

Answer 3

1. laboratory based
2. work in hospitals, clinics, research institutions

Question 4

Pharmacy characteristics

Answer 4

1. more patient focused
2. work in pharmacies to store, prepare, and dispense drugs

Question 5

what are pharmacists

Answer 5

healthcare professionals who dispense medications, provide advice on drug use, and ensure safe and effective treatment for patients

Question 6

what are pharmacologists

Answer 6

scientists who study drugs at a molecular, cellular and systematic level to understand their effect and develop new treatments

Question 7

what is the key difference between pharmacists and pharmacologists

Answer 7

Pharmacists work with patients to apply drug knowledge in clinical settings, while pharmacologists work in research to study drug effects and develop new medications

Question 8

what is a drug

Answer 8

chemical substance that acts on living body to alter physiological processes

Question 9

what is drug development

Answer 9

the process of bringing a new pharmaceutical drug to market once a lead compound has been identified

Question 10

what is the goal of drug development

Answer 10

to produce safe and effective therapeutic drugs

Question 11

where do drugs come from

Answer 11

plan sources, microbial sources, animal sources, mineral sources, lab/ synthetic sources, biotechnological sources, serendipity

Question 12

what is the discovery aspect of drug discovery

Answer 12

candidate compound picked out as possible therapeutic agent against a specific disease

Question 13

what is the preclinical research phase of drug development

Answer 13

compound tested on cell cultures

Question 13

what are the four phases of clinical development

Answer 13

1. safety - small group of healthy individuals
2. efficacy - moderately sized group with condition
3. approval - a larger group with the aim to replicate exact setting
4. long term - collecting data once approved

Question 14

what are the two commonwealth acts affecting drug manufacture and administration

Answer 14

therapeutic goods administration and narcotic drugs act 1967

Question 15

what does the therapeutic goods act 1989 provide

Answer 15

federal control over the standards, manufacture, supply, presentation, regulation and availability of therapeutic goods

Question 16

what is the narcotic drugs act 1967

Answer 16

legislation to safeguard the illegal manufacture, supply and use of narcotics

Question 17

chemical drug name

Answer 17

exact molecular formula of the drug

Question 18

generic drug name

Answer 18

common of general name assigned to the drug

Question 19

trade drug name

Answer 19

the name by which a pharmaceutical company identifies its product

Question 20

what are the advantages of generic drug names

Answer 20

universally recognised, cost effective, reduces confusion, encourages rational prescribing

Question 21

what are the disadvantages of generic drug names

Answer 21

less recognisable, varied appearance, brand substitution concerns

Question 22

what are the advantages of trade drug names

Answer 22

familiar to patients, may have special formula, perceived higher quality

Question 23

what are disadvantages of trade drug name

Answer 23

more expensive, marketing influence, different names in different countries

Question 24

what is pharmacokinetics

Answer 24

movement and modification of medication - what the body does

Question 25

what is the process of pharmacokinetics

Answer 25

1. absorbed into circulation 2. distributed to various tissues 3. metabolised 4. eliminated/ excreted

Question 26

what is pharmacodynamics

Answer 26

what medication does to the body