Lecture 1- Introduction To Nautral Hazards And Disaster Flashcards
What four factors define a disaster (not a hazard)
1, 10 or more people dead
- 100 affected
- A call for international assistance
- Deceleration fo emergency
Why is disaster frequency increasing? (Four)
- Increased public awareness of disasters, meaning more reporting
- More sophisticated detection
- Increasing global populations and urbanisation pushing people into vulnerable positions
- Proliferation of dangerous structures (eg. Nuclear power)
What are the two key risk factors that amplify natural disaster impacts?
Climate change and environmental degradation
What is risk?
Hazard level x exposure x vulnerability
What is DRR?
Disaster risk reduction, aimed at reducing the frequency/ severity of hazard events
How much of annual budget is spent on DRR in japan?
5%
What are the three steps in the “post disaster recovery” section of the disaster management cycle?
- Relief
- Rehabilitation
- Reconstruction
What are the three steps in the predisaster protection part of the disaster mana get cycle?
- Risk assessment
- Mitigation
- Preparedness
What is ODA and what does it include?
ODA= official development assistance, this includes Humanitarian aid (HA) and DRR
What is exposure?
The quantity of people and infrastructure exposed to a hazardous event
What is vulnerability?
The preparedness and resilience of exposed populations
Define hazard level
The probability that a certain event of certain magnitude will occur in a given area at a given time
Which types of hazards are geologically determined, and which are a product of human actions?
- geohazards are geologically determined
- meteorological hazards are a product of human actions, as climate change influences them
How much money was spent of disaster recover from 2000-2010?
1 trillion dollars
Outline the Sendai framework
-signed on the 18 march 2015
Designed to reduce risk to: lives, livelihoods, health
