lecture 1 mcqs part 2 Flashcards
(40 cards)
1
Q
- Which of the following is an example of a continuous variable?
A) Weight
B) Gender
C) Favorite color
D) Country of birth
A
A
2
Q
- Which of the following is a nominal categorical variable?
A) Height
B) Decade of birth
C) Weight
D) Favorite fruit
A
D
3
Q
- Which of the following correctly matches a left-skewed distribution?
A) Mean > Median
B) Mean = Median
C) Mean < Median
D) Median = Mode
A
C
4
Q
- What is the correct graph for categorical data?
A) Bar chart
B) Histogram
C) Box plot
D) Q-Q plot
A
A
5
Q
- What is the first step you should take when you get new data?
A) Plot your data
B) Run a t-test
C) Calculate a p-value
D) Conduct a regression
A
A
6
Q
- If a histogram of pulse shows a long tail on the right, it would be described as:
A) Symmetric
B) Left-skewed
C) Right-skewed
D) Normal
A
C
7
Q
- All of the following are measures of variability except:
A) Mean
B) Standard deviation
C) Interquartile range
D) Variance
A
A
8
Q
- Which measure is least affected by outliers?
A) Range
B) Standard deviation
C) Mean
D) Interquartile range
A
D
9
Q
- If your data are right-skewed, what is true about the central tendency?
A) Mean < Median
B) Mean = Median
C) Mean > Median
D) Mean = Mode
A
C
10
Q
- In a box plot, the whiskers typically represent:
A) Outliers
B) Maximum and minimum values
C) ±1 standard deviation
D) Q1–1.5×IQR and Q3+1.5×IQR
A
D
11
Q
- Which type of variable has no inherent order?
A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Continuous
D) Discrete
A
A
12
Q
- A symmetric distribution is best summarized by which measure of central tendency?
A) Median
B) Mode
C) Mean
D) Range
A
C
13
Q
- In a left-skewed distribution, which statistic is typically the highest?
A) Mean
B) Median
C) Mode
D) IQR
A
B
14
Q
- A histogram is typically used to visualize:
A) Categorical variables
B) Continuous variables
C) Percentiles
D) Nominal data
A
B
15
Q
- What is the interquartile range (IQR)?
A) The difference between the minimum and maximum
B) The range of the middle 50% of data
C) The area under the normal curve
D) The average deviation from the mean
A
B
16
Q
- If mean = median = mode, the distribution is most likely:
A) Right-skewed
B) Uniform
C) Symmetric
D) Left-skewed
A
C
17
Q
- The range of a dataset is calculated as:
A) Q3 - Q1
B) Mean + standard deviation
C) Maximum - Minimum
D) Mode + Median
A
C
18
Q
- Which of the following is a discrete variable?
A) Temperature
B) Height
C) Number of siblings
D) Weight
A
C
19
Q
- A variable with categories such as “low,” “medium,” and “high” is best described as:
A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Continuous
D) Binary
A
B
20
Q
- In SPSS or any stats package, standard deviation helps describe:
A) The most common value
B) Central tendency
C) Average spread around the mean
D) The range of outliers
A
C
21
Q
- Which of the following variables is ordinal?
A) Eye color
B) Level of satisfaction (low, medium, high)
C) Height in cm
D) Number of visits to the dentist
A
b
22
Q
- In a right-skewed dataset, which measure is least appropriate to use?
A) Mode
B) Mean
C) Median
D) IQR
A
B
23
Q
- What does the box in a boxplot represent?
A) Minimum and maximum
B) Mean ± 2 SD
C) Interquartile range
D) The entire range of values
A
C
24
Q
- Which of the following is best to visualise the distribution of a continuous variable?
A) Pie chart
B) Histogram
C) Bar chart
D) Boxplot
A
B
25
25. In a dataset, the outliers are defined using:
A) ±1 SD from the mean
B) Beyond Q1–1.5×IQR or Q3+1.5×IQR
C) The difference between mean and median
D) Z-scores above 0
B
26
26. The median is the best summary measure when:
A) The data are categorical
B) The data are normally distributed
C) The data are skewed or contain outliers
D) You have a large sample
C
27
27. Which statement about histograms is true?
A) They are used for categorical data
B) They show distribution of numerical data
C) They cannot display skewness
D) They require ordinal data
B
28
28. A mode is defined as:
A) The middle value
B) The most frequent value
C) The average value
D) The range of values
B
29
29. Which of the following types of data is most likely to produce a bar chart?
A) Ordinal
B) Nominal
C) Discrete numerical
D) Continuous
B
30
30. In descriptive statistics, the mean is:
A) The most stable measure of center for normally distributed data
B) Always equal to the median
C) Used only for ordinal data
D) Never affected by skewness
A
31
31. Which statement is true about outliers?
A) They improve symmetry of distributions
B) They have no effect on statistical measures
C) They can distort the mean
D) They are part of the IQR
C
32
32. When is it better to use the median than the mean?
A) Data are symmetrical
B) Data contain extreme values
C) Data are nominal
D) Data are categorical
B
33
33. A distribution with one clear peak is referred to as:
A) Skewed
B) Symmetric
C) Unimodal
D) Uniform
C
34
34. Which of the following is not a summary measure of spread?
A) Interquartile range
B) Standard deviation
C) Mode
D) Range
C
35
35. What do the whiskers in a boxplot typically represent?
A) The IQR
B) The full range of the data
C) The 5th and 95th percentiles
D) The range excluding outliers
D
36
36. If a boxplot has a long upper whisker, the distribution is likely:
A) Left-skewed
B) Right-skewed
C) Normal
D) Symmetrical
B
37
37. What is the main limitation of using the mean in skewed data?
A) It's hard to interpret
B) It overestimates standard deviation
C) It is influenced by extreme values
D) It is less accurate than the median
C
38
38. What is the best graph for summarising frequency of nominal categories?
A) Histogram
B) Bar chart
C) Boxplot
D) Line graph
B
39
39. Which of the following is a quantitative variable?
A) Blood type
B) Number of siblings
C) Type of toothpaste
D) Eye colour
B
40
40. A uniform distribution is one where:
A) All values are equal
B) There is one distinct peak
C) All values occur with equal frequency
D) The data is symmetric with a long tail
C
