Lecture 1: Microbial Classification (Brown)

Question 1

Q: The combo of Malassezia, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is commonly present in cases of:**

Answer 1

A: chronic ear infections

Question 2

Q: Of the following, this caseous lymphadenitis is likely caused by: (pic of goat with enlarged lymph node) **

Answer 2

A: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 3

Q: In pigs, a common manifestation of Yersinia enterocolitica infection is: **

Answer 3

A: dysentery

Question 4

Q: The appearance of these thrombocytes from a dog with fever, malaise, and anorexia is most suggestive of infection with: **

Answer 4

A: Anaplasma platys

Question 5

Q: The dimorphic agent of systemic mycosis produces infections arthoconidia in the hot dry soils of the desert SW US: **

Answer 5

A: Coccidioides immitis

Question 6

Q: The AAFP recs annual intranasal vax with an attenuated strain of this bacteria for cats with sustained risk seen in general practice, as well as for shelter cats: **

Answer 6

A: Bordetella bronchiseptica

Question 7

mycosis*

Answer 7

infection with a fungus

Question 8

SEE OTHER SAMPLE EXAM Qs IN NOTABILITY NOTES

Answer 8

:)

Question 9

“The beginning of wisdom is…”

Answer 9

“to call things be their right name.” - Confucius

Question 10

Most of microbiology is based on:

Answer 10

phenetics (how things look, taste, smell, etc.)

Question 11

When did first vet school open? Where?

Answer 11

1670 France

Question 12

Classification of bacteria based on 4 main things

Answer 12

morphology respiration, serology, metabolism

Question 13

“lepto”

Answer 13

thin

Question 14

“spira”

Answer 14

spiral-shaped

Question 15

“campylo”

Answer 15

curved

Question 16

rod shaped in which genus?

Answer 16

genus bacillus

Question 17

“coryne”

Answer 17

club-shaped

Question 18

Gram positive cell wall composition

Answer 18

• thick peptidoglycan wall
• surface proteins/lipids can be antiphagocytic
• surface proteins can act as virulence factors

Question 19

Gram negative cell wall comp.

Answer 19

• thin peptidoglycan wall

- complete outer membrane including LPS

Question 20

LPS =

Answer 20

lipopolysaccharide. Consists of core polysaccharide plus Lipid A (aka endotoxin)

Question 21

effects of endotoxin

Answer 21

• leukocyte stimulation
• fever/chills
• activates alternative pathway of complement
• increased vascular permeability/local tissue damage
• activates clot cascade/depletes clot factors –> hemorrhage
• septic (hypovolemic) shock

Question 22

Why is penicillin not effective against gram - bacteria?

Answer 22

Will dissolve into outer membrane, but can’t penetrate cell wall

Question 23

What are acid fast walls composed of?

Answer 23

thick wall with extra greasy molecules called mycolic acids. Hydrophilic things can barely penetrate

Question 24

2 Examples of acid fast bacteria

Answer 24

mycobacterium, nocardia

Question 25

Ureaplasma and mycoplasma have which type of wall?

Answer 25

no wall at all!

Question 26

Which is more efficient at converting glucose to energy: fermentation or respiration?

Answer 26

resp

Question 27

Name 8 Strict aerobes

Answer 27

Pseudomonas, bordetella, brucella, francisella, leptospira, moraxella nocardia, mycobacterium (PBB FLMNM)

Question 28

Name 3 facultative anaerobes

Answer 28

Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrionaceae, Pasteurellaceae (VEP)

Question 29

Name 4 strict anaerobes

Answer 29

Bacteroidaceae, Clostridium, Borrelia, Actinomyces (CABB)

Question 30

4 Aerobic, Gram-positive cocci

Answer 30

Staphylococcus, Streptococcus Enterococcus, Rhodococcus (RESS)

Question 31

4 Aerobic/Facultative, Gram-positive rods

Answer 31

Corynebacterium, Listeria, Erysipelothrix, Bacillus (CLEB)

Question 32

5 Aerobic, Gram - rods

Answer 32

Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Pseudomonas, Bordetella, Brucella (BB CHP)

Question 33

12 Facultative, Gram - rods

Answer 33

Escherichia, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Shigella, Serratia, Proteus, Yersinia, Pasteurella, Aeromonas, Vibrio, Actinobacillus, Haemophilus (HAPPY KAVESSS)

Question 34

2 Gram + anaerobes

Answer 34

Actinomyces, Clostridium (AC)

Question 35

2 Gram - anaerobes

Answer 35

Bacteroides, Fusobacterium (BF)

Question 36

How can metabolism be measured?

Answer 36

Using cylinders with different agar types inoculated with the same bacteria to determine what the bacteria can successfully grow on

Question 37

How can serology be measured?

Answer 37

Western blot (bacteria run on electrophoresis gel and probed with anti-sera against the species you're interested in), beads group together if bacteria present, etc.

Question 38

*possible exam question relating to ducks with avain botulism who are more susceptible to the toxin than larger birds. Vegetation on shores of lake contaminated. Happening right now in England.*

Answer 38

:)