Lecture 1 Outline Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lecture 1 Outline Deck (10)
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1
Q

How do you define health?

A
  • WHO: state of physical, mental, and social well being and not merely absence of disease
  • continuum of responses
  • wellness (optimum level of function) illness
  • wellness considered a disease free state/ability to function normally
  • health reflects several areas: biologic (structural/physical), psychological (mental/personality), spiritual, sociologic (individual and environment)
2
Q

Illness

A

-sickness or deviation from a healthy state

3
Q

Disease

A
  • biologic or psychologic alteration resulting in a malfunction (signs, symptoms, clinical malfunctions)
  • can occur without awareness of illness
  • conversely a person can feel ill without any obvious pathology identified (stress)
4
Q

Incidence and Prevalence

A
  • incidence is number of new cases in a specific period of time in relation to total number of people in the population who are at risk
  • measure of risk of developing a disease
  • useful for measuring impact of acute diseases
  • includes a time period in which cases accrue (usually a year)
  • prevalence measures all cases (new and old) of a condition among those at risk, useful for measuring impact of chronic diseases
5
Q

Acute Illness

A
  • rapid onset, short duration
  • responds to specific treatment
  • self-limiting
  • full recovery and return to PLOF
  • specific stages: physical symptoms, cognitive awareness, emotional response (denial, fear, anxiety), assumption of sick role (act the part), dependency (act dependent on someone; try not to make patient dependent on you-want them to fix independently), recovery and rehab (give up sick role and resume normal ADLS
6
Q

Chronic Illness

A
  • permanent impairment or disability (at least 3 months)
  • residual physical or cognitive disability
  • need for special reha or LTC
  • can have acute exacerbation of chronic condition
7
Q

What is disability?

A
  • definitions vary
  • any difficulty with ADLs or limitations w/ certain health conditions
  • receiving federal benefits on basis of inability to work
  • any limitation in the ability to work at a job or business
  • over half of working age individuals with disability are employed, nearly 20% of US pop lives with disability
  • prevalence is higher among women and those 65+
  • PTs use biopsychosocial model: integrates traditional medical model with social model
8
Q

Top Causes of Death in 1900

A
  • pneumonia, influenza
  • tuberculosis
  • heart disease
  • diarrhea, enteritis (dehydration)
  • stroke
9
Q

Top Causes of Death in 2000

A
  • heart disease
  • cancer
  • stroke
  • chronic lower respiratory disease
  • pneumonia, influenza
  • alzheimers’ disease
  • kidney disease
  • accidental injury
  • we’re living longer so now we’re getting more of the chronic diseases
10
Q

Leading Health Indicators

A
  • Healthy People 2010 and 2020
  • pretty much the same, not much has changed, same issues we face
  • access to health services
  • environmental quality
  • injury
  • mental health
  • nutrition, physical activity, and obesity
  • social determinants
  • these are some areas that we as PTs can influence