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Advanced RT Planning And Dosimetry > Lecture 1 Overview > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Overview Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of CT in RT?

A
  • Diagnosis and staging
  • treatment planning
  • online / office verification
  • adaptive radiotherapy
  • follow up assessment
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2
Q

What is the role of CT in treatment planning?

A
  • no geometric distortion
  • provide hounsfield unit that can be converted to electron density date
  • important for dose calculation
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3
Q

What are the pros of CT in treatment planning

A
  • no geometric image distortion
  • fast image acquisition time
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4
Q

What are the cons of CT in RT treatment planning?

A
  • poor soft tissue contrast
  • lack of functional information
  • image artifacts
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5
Q

What are the Pros of MRI for radiotherapy ?

A
  • variety of image contrast
  • no radiation
  • superiority in soft tissue contrast over CT
  • flexible in image plane selection
  • function and molecular imaging
  • real time imaging
    ==> boundaries of the tumor can be clearly defined
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6
Q

What are the role of PET image in radiotherapy planning?

A
  1. Provide information of biochemical function of tissues and organs
  2. Provide information in microscopic spread of disease
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7
Q

What is the definition of image registration?

A

Transformation of different set of image data, can by multi-modality, into one coordinate system.

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8
Q

Name 3 major registration methods

A
  1. Manual rigid registration
  2. Automatic rigid registration
  3. Automatic deformable registration
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9
Q

What is the definition of IMRT?

A

Intensity modulated radiotherapy
= the act of varying the radiation intensity across the beam

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10
Q

IMRT VS 3DCRT ?

A

V higher target conformity
V increase sparing of critical structures

X increased low dose region due to large number of field used

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11
Q

What variables can be manipulated during beam on in VMAT?

A
  • MLC positions
  • gantry speed
  • dose rate
  • collimator angle (Elekta only)
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12
Q

What is the advantage of VMAT over IMRT?

A

Higher speed of delivery

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13
Q

Definition of SRS

A

Stereotactic radio surgery
= the use of a stereotactic apparatus and energetic radiation beams to irradiate the intracranial lesion with a single treatment

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14
Q

Definition of SRT.

A

the use of stereotactic apparatus and radiation beams for multiple fractions or treatments

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15
Q

Definition of SBRT?

A

Stereotactic body radiation therapy
= the lesion is outside of the brain. The combine use of stereotactic apparatus and radiation to irradiate the lesion with a single treatment or a few fractions

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16
Q

What are the benefits of knowledge-based planning?

A
  • plan quality can rival human expert planner
  • planning time can be fast
  • allow more freedom
  • allow interactive process
  • integrate will all sources of knowledge
  • truly individualised, patient-specific treatment planning
17
Q

What s the role of 4DCT?

A

Reduce margin and create individualised ITV

18
Q

HyperArc features?

A
  • non coplanar
  • multiple lesions
19
Q

Halcyon features

A
  • ring based system, 4 full rotations per min
  • 6MV flattening filter free
  • maximum field size 28 x 28
  • max dose rate = 800 MU/min
  • dual -layer MLC, max velocity = 5cm per sec
20
Q

What is dynamic electron arc radiotherapy?

A
  • Electron is delivered in arc mode
  • couch and gantry move together,
  • beam always normal and SSD = 100
  • couch motion, gantry rotation and dose rate can be modulated to produce desirable dose distribution
21
Q

What are the planning process of MR only treatment planning

A
  1. Acquire MRI image (multiple sequence.)
  2. Correct geometric distortion (systemic and patient specific distortion)
  3. Correct local motion and movement (if neccessary)
  4. Classify tissue / materials (generate external / air / vessel masks, classifify tissues using FCM-spatial constraints)
  5. Synthsize MRCT volumes (assign electron density with weights)
  6. Treatment planning (contouring / dose calculation / image guidance)
22
Q

What are the two methods in autosegmentation?

A
  1. Deep learning
    - model learn directly from large number of training example
    - apply knowledge to new scans
  2. Atlas-based methods
    - deformable image registration of datasets onto new scans

Advanced RT Planning And Dosimetry (12 decks)

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