Lecture 10 Flashcards
Art of South and Southeast Asia (19 cards)
Trefoil
A decorative motif in the shape of a stylized three-petal flower
Samsara
Attaining liberation from the endless cycle of existence
Four Noble Truths
Foundation of Buddhism
1. Life is suffering
2. Suffering has a cause (ignorance and desire)
3. Ignorance and desire can
be overcome and
extinguished
4. The way to overcome them is by following the eightfold plan
Torana
An Indian gateway marking the entrance to a stupa or temple
Jatka Tales
Stories of the Buddha’s past lives
Yakshi
Female figures in Indian art, understood to represent spirits
Vihara
A Buddhist monestary
Chaitya
A shrine, temple, prayer hall etc in Indian religion
Ushnisha
Hair on a Buddhist sculpture resembling a topknot
Urna
A dot or tuft of hair between the eyes or eyebrows in Buddhist sculpture
Mudras
Ancient symbolic hand gestures regarded as
physical expressions of a particular action or state of being
- the Buddha is often depicted in one of these poses
Shikhara
The superstructure, tower, or spire above the sanctuary in north Indian temple architecture
Garbhagriha
The innermost sanctuary of Jain and Hindu temples
What does the dance of the Shiva signify?
The universes cycle of death and rebirth
Who started Buddhism?
Siddhartha Gautama
- Troubled by the human condition, he left the palace and his family to live in the wilderness and after six years of meditation he attained complete enlightenment
What is “life is suffering?”
One of the four noble truths of Buddhism
Significance of the Kushan Period?
Lots of figural representations of the Buddha and furthermore, visual characteristics of the Buddha become more widespread
What is the basic difference between Hinduism and Buddhism?
Hinduism includes the worship of deities, Buddhism does not
Distinguish Buddha from Bodhisattva
Buddha - monks robe
Boddhisattva - princely garb and adorned with jewelry
