Lecture 10 Flashcards
Endothelial permeability (34 cards)
Why do arteries have a thick wall?
For resistance and to get blood to the organs
What is a difference between arteries and veins?
They have less lumen and are smaller
Which side of the heart has less power?
The right side
What kind of system is the pulmonary circulation?
A low pressure and high volume one
What is the diameter of a red blood cell?
8 to 10 micrometer
What is the macrocirculation?
It can be seen with the naked eye and has a transport function
What is the function of the microcirculation?
Exchange with key features of perfusion and permeability
Where do cardiovascular diseases start?
In the microcirculation
Where do the inflammation regulators mainly reside?
In the venules, the venules are also sensitive to inflammatory cytokines to ensure this
What is the function of pericytes?
To prevent capillaries from leaking
What is transcapillary hydrostatic pressure?
The difference in interstitial and blood pressure
What does the osmotic pressure depend on?
On the amount of proteins
How is the NDF calculated?
By the transcapillary pressure - (osmotic*coefficient)
When does the NDF indicate filtration and when does it indicate reabsorption?
NDF > 0 = filtration
NDF < 0 = reabsorption
When does edema occur?
When the net filtratio nis too large and when the lymphatic circulation does not work well
Where can continuous capillaries be found?
In the brain
Where are fenestrated capillaries located?
In the intestine, pancreas, endocrine organs
Where are sinusoid capillaries located?
In the liver
What are characteristics of true capillaries?
They have one endothelial layer, a basement membrane, fine network of collagen fibers and pericytes and smooth muscles
What are some characteristics of an adherence junction?
Consists of VE-cadherin, is homotypic (binds to VE on another cell), works like a zipper, is transmembrane (connects to in-/outside of a cell), connects to the cytoskeleton
What happens during an inflammation with the adherence junction?
It contracts the endothelium and the zipper of the junction is pulled apart
How does the contraction of the skeleton happen?
It is acto-myosin based
Which factors are important for contraction of the skeleton?
Receptor agonist and mechanical force (induced by flow)
What causes tension of the cytoskeleton?
Myosin
