Lecture 10 - Cognitive Theories: Application of Theory to Practice Flashcards
In Piaget’s theory what do assimilation and accomodation mean?
According to Piaget’s theory children develop schemas around different phenomena, objects, events, animals etc which incorporate what they know what those things. As they get older, experience more things they begin to add to and refine these schemas/develop more schemas.
The process of seeing something novel and trying to fit it into a schema a child already has, such as seeing a plane for the first time and thinking it is a bird, is the process of assimilation.
The process of acquiring and understanding new information about a novel experience or object or phenomena and therefore refining and adding schemas is the process of accomodation. In this example if the child told an adult that the plane that past was a bird and the adult explained that it wasn’t a bird and was in fact a plane and explained what a plane was then the child would now have a schema for planes and have a more refined schema for birds.
What is a schema, and how does Piaget use schemas to propose a theory of cognitive development?
Does Piaget think that we are born with any schemas and if so what is an example of one of these schemas?
Hint: schema for sucking
What are the four stages of cognitive development proposed by Piaget?
What are some criticisms of Piaget’s theory?
What are the two sub-categories of the second stage of Piaget’s theory/Preopperational stage?
What are some of the experiments used to test cognitive development that contributed to the development of the Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?
What are Information Processing Theories of Cognitive Development?
Hint: computational approach/”problem solver”
What is a key difference between Information Processing Theories of cognitive development and Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?
Information processing theories of cognitive development sees cognitive development as continuous, whereas Piaget saw it cognitive development as occurring in discrete discontinuous stages.
What is Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development?
How does the More Knowledgeable Other contribute to the learning and cognitive development according to Vygotsky?
What are different types of play and how do they contribute to development and when do children normally engage with these types of play?
When do children start to move from egocentric play to more social play?
Around 3-5 years
What does Piaget mean by semiotic function?
What is autism?
Hint: a difference, not necessarily a “deficiency” as claimed by DSM
How to children with autism engage with pretend play different to children without autism?
Children with autism have less preference for pretend play/engage in spontaneous pretend play less than children without autism.
