Lecture 11 Flashcards
(28 cards)
Antigen –
– any foreign substance that
binds specifically to an antibody or T
cell receptor(recognition )
Epitope
– portion of the antigen that
is recognized by an antibody or T cell
receptor
• Immunogen
– a substance capable of eliciting an immune
response
• Hapten
- a small molecule that, when combined with a
larger carrier such as a protein, can elicit the production of
antibodies that bind specifically to it
Antigen Factors in Immunogenicity
- Foreignness
- Molecular Size(>100000)
- Chemical composition
- Adjuvant
Adjuvant
• Generally, increase persistence of antigen and innate response
innate Arm
- Non specific
- this a the immediate reactions
- phagocytic cells
- antimicrobial peptides
Acquired (adaptive) arm
- Develops in response to infection
- Several days
- Diversity
- self/non-self recognition
- immunological memory
which compartments participate in the immune system
-Blood stream
-The mononuclear
phagocyte or
reticuloendothelial
system
▪The lymphatic system
Myeloid progenitors
granulocyte, macrophage,
monocyte, erythroid, megakaryocyte, eosinophil, basophil
Lymphoid progenitors
lymphocytes
Mononuclear Phagocyte System
Reticuloendothelial System
▪Network of connective tissue
fibers and cells surrounding
organs
-Inhabited by phagocytic cells –
Primary Lymphoid tissues and organs
Bone Marrow (B cells) and thymus gland (T cells)
Secondary lymphoid tissues and organs
Spleen, adenoids, tonsils,
appendix, lymph nodes,
Peyer’s patches and MALT
What is the thymus responsible for
-T cell development and maturation
Where do I find immature thymocytes
the cortex of the thymus
Where do I find immunocompetent T cells
The medulla of the thymus
Lymph node cortex
✓B cells mainly production of plasma cells and memory cells
✓Primary follicle: un-activated
lymphoid follicle
✓Secondary follicle: activated
Lymph node paracortex
✓T cells, dendritic cells (APCs)
✓Activation of T cells
✓Interaction of T and B cells
Lymph node medulla
✓Plasma cells secreting
antibody and macrophages
Germinal center
area of activated B
cells that will proliferate, go through
somatic hypermutation and class
switch
Functions of the spleen
• Filter blood
• Activation of lymphocytes from blood
borne pathogen
Red pulp
Remove old or defective
erythrocytes and platelets
White pulp
-The periarteriolar lymphoid
sheet (PALS) with T-cells
- Follicles with B lymphocytes
