Lecture 11/12: Opiates/Opioids

Question 1

2x potency of morphine (pure agonist)

Answer 1

heroin (diacetylmorphine)

Question 2

0.1x potency of morphine (pure agonist)

Answer 2

codeine

Question 3

5x potency of morphine (pure agonist)

Answer 3

hydromorphone

Question 4

1.5x potency of morphine (pure agonist)

Answer 4

oxycodone

Question 5

Heroin

Answer 5

diacetylmorphine

Question 6

Metabolites of diacetylmorphine (after converted to monoacetylmorphine)

Answer 6

morphine-6-gluconoride (M6G) and morphine-3-gluconoride (M3G)

Question 7

natural pain relieving compounds

Answer 7

endorphins/enkaphalin/dynorphin

Question 8

Three types of opiod receptors

Answer 8

mu, delta, kappa

Question 9

Opioid receptor that mediates analgesia, feeding/positive reinforcement, cardiovascular/respiratory depression and sensiorimotor integration

Answer 9

Mu

Question 10

opioid receptor involved in analgesia and located in forebrain

Answer 10

delta

Question 11

opioid receptor involved in analgesia but also possibly nausea and dysphoria and homeostatic mechanisms

Answer 11

kappa

Question 12

feeding and positive reinforcement

Answer 12

nucleus accumbens

Question 13

cardiovascular/respiratory depression

Answer 13

brainstem (area postrema)

Question 14

analgesia in mu receptor

Answer 14

medial thalamus, periductial grey, median rap he, spinal cord

Question 15

sensorimotor integration

Answer 15

thalamus, straitum

Question 16

4 propeptides

Answer 16

Pro-opiomelanocortin(POMC), proenkaphlin, prodynorphin, pronocicpeptin/orphanin Q

Question 17

Propeptide with high concentration in pituitary gland; link between pain and stress

Answer 17

POMC (pro-opiomelanocortin)

Question 18

1st early pain neurons that are fast and myelnated

Answer 18

a delta

Question 19

2nd pain neurons that are slower and unmyelnated

Answer 19

c-fibres