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Ophthalmic Optics - Block 11 > Lecture 11 - Environmental Applications > Flashcards

Lecture 11 - Environmental Applications Flashcards

1
Q

What are enchroma lenses?

A

For color deficiency

  • may or may not affect the individual
  • help with contrast
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2
Q

Who are oxy-iso glasses for?

A

Those with color deficiency or those working with veins and blood (ex: horses or phlebotomist)

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3
Q

What do oxy-iso glasses do?

A

Enhance O2 signal from hemoglobin under the skin, which amplifies the perception of veins under the skin

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4
Q

What new technology is good for astronauts?

A

Switch vision

-supplies interchangeable magnetic prescription lenses

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5
Q

What new technology is used in movie theaters?

A

Close caption glasses

-changes language to words you can read

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6
Q

What new technology records you?

A

Snap spectacles

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7
Q

Conduction technology

A

Bone conduction tech so you don’t need earphones, touch interface to control music and calls

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8
Q

Liquid lenses

A

Shape changes according to distance of objects
Connected to internet that allows you to change your RX
Made of glycerine

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9
Q

Oakley airwave are for what?

A

Sports ware

Like seeing skiiing slopes and maps

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10
Q

where the AR coating applied to the lens surface
is ¼ of the wavelength of light thick. The reflected path from the back of the coating with be 1/2 ⋋ longer. Light reflected from the back of the coating is thus 180 degrees out of phase from light reflected from the front. If the amplitude of light reflected at each surface of the coating is equal then they will cancel each other out

A

Path condition

Solution to reflection

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11
Q

Where the amplitude of light reflected from
each surface of an AR coating is equal and, if 180 degrees out of phase, will cancel each other out. For this to occur, the refractive index of the coating must be equal to the square root of the refractive index of the lens material

A

Amplitude condition

Solution to reflection

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12
Q

Equation for solutions to reflection

A

n(coating) = square root (n(lens))

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13
Q

What’s the greatest amount of layers and different indices?

A

7

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14
Q

Why are multiple layers necessary?

A

Multiple different wavelengths are needed to be blocked

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15
Q

What company is good with photochromic glass lenses?

A

Corning

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16
Q

What colors do Corning create for photochromatic glass lenses?

A

Gray
Brown
Green
Orange

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17
Q

What glass lens blanks are used by Corning?

A

1.60 to 1.90

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18
Q

Over years, Corning glass lenses show what from normal use?

A

Reversibility maintained = good lenses

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19
Q

What are drivesafe lenses used for and who are they created by?

A

ZEISS

  • reduce glare while driving at night
  • maintain an accurate view of the road, dashboard, near and side view mirrors
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20
Q

Luminance design technology for drivesafe lenses takes what into account?

A

Changes in size of the driver’s pupils is taken into account while driving

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21
Q

Short fit has issues, but allows you to do what?

A

Put add power in short (small) frames

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22
Q

Occupation PAL’s are used for what?

A

-To emphasize intermediate and near vision
-Computer use, office-related tasks
-Wide inter, near - low level of unwanted astigmatism in periphery
—

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23
Q

Double D lenses are what?

A

Double segment flat top bifocals
Bottom -near
Top -near
Remainder -distance

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24
Q

Who are double seg flat top bifocals good for?

A

For people who work in
confined spaces that need to see up close, above and below them, without moving their
heads
-plumbers, electricians, painters, mechanics, Air Force controller

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25
Q

DD Occupatioal lens (Tri) are set up how?

A

Bottom - near
Top - intermediate or near
Remainder - distance

26
Q

Balance lenses

A

lens placed in a frame which looks like the lens for the opposite eye to balance appearance and
weight

27
Q

Biconvex lenses

A

a lens style where both the front and back

surfaces are plus

28
Q

Bi-concave lenses

A

a lens style where both front and back

surfaces are minus

29
Q

Monovision lenses

A

distance only correction in one eye, near vision
correction in the other eye -> results in acceptable clear vision
at both distances

30
Q

Monovision lenses can be good for who?

A

Pt’s with strabismus

31
Q

Even though both eyes are still working together in monovision lenses, what happens to depth perception?

A

Decreased

32
Q

Lenticular lenses are used to correct what?

A

Extreme hyperopia

33
Q

Lens where all of the power of the lens is concentrated in a small area in the center

A

Lenticular lens

34
Q

What’s the power of the carrier lens with a lenticular lens?

A

Little or no power

35
Q

a minus lenticular lens, used for high minus corrections is known as what?

A

Myodisc

36
Q

In a pair of bifocals that is flat top (not executive), and you notice the line continues all the way to the end of the lens, what does this indicate? (Only in one lens..not both)

A

Slab off prism

37
Q

4 methods for verifying impact resistance

A

High mass impact (Drop ball test)
High velocity impact (pointed projectile)
Heat treatment
Chemical treatment

38
Q

Which method of rendering materials impact resistant results in greater impact resistance?

A

Chemical treatment

39
Q

Which method of rendering materials impact resistant can be applied to objects of complex shape

A

Chemical treatment

40
Q

Which method of rendering materials impact resistant is quick

A

Heat treatment

41
Q

Which method of rendering materials impact resistant has equipment that is inexpensive

A

Heat treatment

42
Q

How is glass tempering verified?

A

Polariscope (colmascope)

43
Q

Explain a polariscope (colmascope)

A

consists of two polarized filters, one on the top and one on the bottom of the instrument with their absorption are perpendicular, i.e., cross-polarized

44
Q

When verifying tempering glass, a normal lens place between the filters appears how?

A

Uniformly dark

45
Q

When verifying tempering glass, a tempered lens will demonstrate what patterns?

A

Stress patterns - Maltese Cross

46
Q

Markings important for occupational safety

A

Z87

47
Q

Techniques to reduce thickness

A 
Frame shape and size
Frame type
Lens edging choices to hide thickness
Hi-index lenses
Roll and polish
Centering the OC over GC
Edge painting - edge match to frame color
48
Q

What frame shape and size should be chosen to reduce thickness?

A

Smaller lens opening
Less wide, less tall, rounder the better
Plus RX - smaller a good idea but less impact than minus RX

49
Q

What frame type should be chosen to reduce thickness

A

Avoid rimless and semi-rimless frames

Full plastic frames hide thickness

50
Q

Pro for adding polish to lens edge

A

Exposed edges are polished to enhance finished, “invisible” look of lens

51
Q

Con for adding polish to lens edge

A

Seeing “rainbows” around the edges

52
Q

3 adaptation issues

A

Base curve
Polycarbonate
Issues with polarization

53
Q

Adaptation issues with base curve

A

flatter base curves result in thinner lenses, but steeper base curves have less distortion
Happens with patients sensitive to subtle changes in vision, when
patient gets a second pair of similar eyewear, or when the patient
only replaces one lens

54
Q

Adaptation issues with polycarbonate lenses

A

Low abbe number —> complains about visual acuity and chromatic aberration
Visual distortion of colors

55
Q

History:

Venetian, 1790

A

Goldoni-type shades

56
Q

History:

English, 1800

A

‘Franklin’ split bifocals

57
Q

History:

c. 1730 (1727), Style of Edward Scarlett

A

World’s oldest pair of spectacles with sides

58
Q

History:

D-specs

A

Light sensitivity issue (more coverage)

May have had deformation that they were trying to hide

59
Q

National health service spectacles

A

First known mass production of eyeware

60
Q

History:

1940-1950s

A

Eyewear marketing for women, with multiple different frame styles

61
Q

Bono

A
  • wears sunglasses b/c he has glaucoma and has light sensitivity issues and pressure issues
  • not just b/c he’s a rockstar and he’s cool

Ophthalmic Optics - Block 11 (2 decks)

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