Lecture 11: Quantitative Data Analysis Flashcards
- Summarize, organize, & simplify
- Visual representations (e.g., graphs, tables) or numerical (e.g., mean, median, standard deviation)
What type of statistics?
Descriptive Statistics
- Test research hypotheses
- Allow researchers to draw conclusions about their hypotheses
- Use sample data to generalize to population
What type of statistics?
Inferential Statistics
What scale of measurement: Gender, Experimental condition/control condition
-non-numeric, qualitative not quantitative
Nominal
What scale of measurement: Income (low, middle, high), Race finishers (1st, 2nd, 3rd), Birth order (1st, 2nd, 3rd)
-data are ranks
Ordinal
What scale of measurement: Temperature (Celsius or Fahrenheit), intelligence test scores, Likert rating scales (1-strongly disagree- 5 strongly disagree)
-Numerical data
Interval
What scale of measurement: # test questions answered correctly, Time, Temperature (in Kelvin)
- Numerical data
Ratio
Non-experimental research designs look at….
relationships among variables
Experimental and quasi-experimental research designs typically make
comparisons across groups or conditions
What are the statistics for group comparisons?
2pts
- t-tests (independent, dependent)
- ANOVA (one way, repeated measures, factorial)
What are the statistics for relationships?
4pts
- Chi-square tests
- Loglinear models
- Correlation
- Regression
- Each individual participant provides only one score per variable
- This is true in between-subjects designs
independent or dependent measures data?
Independent measures data
- Each individual participant provides more than one score per variable
- This is true in within-subjects designs
independent or dependent/repeated measures data?
Repeated/Dependent measures data
describe how far apart values are from one another in the data; do participants in the sample respond/behave similarly or differently on your measure?
e.g., range, standard deviation
What type of measure?
Measures of variability
describe what is a “typical” value that best represents the variable
e.g., mean, median, mode
What type of measure?
Measures of central tendency
describe how many participants are in each category of the variable (nominal, ordinal), or how many participants received each score for a variable (interval, ratio)
Frequencies
