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CATA 262 > lecture 11: thoraic injuries > Flashcards

lecture 11: thoraic injuries Flashcards

1
Q

3 main groups in chest cavity

A

pulmonary
vascular
gi tract

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2
Q

where is the scapular

A

ribs 2-7

spine at t3

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3
Q

where is the lung apex

A

2.5 cm above clav

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4
Q

where is the coracoid process

A

lines up w first rub

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5
Q

where is the nipple

A

level of rib 4

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6
Q

where is the heard

A

level of hibs 2-6

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7
Q

what are the most commonly injured ribs

A

5-10

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8
Q

what are the true ribs

A

1-7

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9
Q

what are teh faslse ribs

A

8-10

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10
Q

what are the floating ribs

A

11-12

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11
Q

explain the breathing mecahsism

A

exhalation: pressure is postive and gases are forced out
inhialtion: oressure in neg so air comes in

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12
Q

what nervers supplies diagphram

A

phrenic nerve (c345)

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13
Q

if there is an injury to c3 orn above what happens

A

cannot breath

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14
Q

when diagprah contacts andx relaxewhat happens

A

chest cavity enlarges reducing pressure (asir rushes in )

then disgaphrm revalxes and pushed out air

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15
Q

if thre is an increase in co2 what happens to breathing rate

A

increase

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16
Q

chest injuries that go unrecognized can lead to…

A

1) tissue hypozia
2) hypercarbia (increase co2)
3) acidosis

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17
Q

what is assessment for thoraic injuries

A 
uabcs
secondary assessment (observe, palpate, asuticulate, percussion)
bitals 
treatment
decision
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18
Q

what ar some observations to look out for

A

bruses
cyanosis
vein distensioin
open chest wounds

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19
Q

is tracheal deviation an early or late sign

A

late sign

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20
Q

true ro false: trachean should move inferior on inspiration

A

true

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21
Q

when you are palmpating you are looking for

A 
tenderness
deformtity
swelling
crepitus
emphysema
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22
Q

what si the respiotry breathing assessment

A 
rate 
deptjh 
rythm 
sounds 
other diagnostic sounds
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23
Q

what is the treatment for anything that affects airway exhange and oxygenation

A

improve oxygenation and transport rapid

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24
Q

what is the treatment for a major problem that is blood losss

A

imporove oxygen
shock
rapid transport

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25
Q

whta are some respirtry problems involving blood loss

A

hemothorax, shear to aorta

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26
Q

athletes with mild contusion may RTp after how long

A

15 minutes

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27
Q

what are the conditoons for return to play

A

vitals normal
no pain (refered or interfer)
protection
no respisration alterantion

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28
Q

true or false: respitory distress deveols more rapidly in adults

A

false in children

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29
Q

what are some common throacic injuries

A 
pectoralis major ruptur
clavicle
AC/SC speration
rib injuries (fracrures, costchondral sep)
sternum
pnneumothorz
30
Q

what are signs and symtoms of thoracic injuries

A 
pain at site
pain with braathing
crepitus 
dyspnea
hemoptysis (coughing blood)
cuanosis 
rapod weak pulse
shllow respons
low BP
31
Q

what is the MOI rfor pec rupture

A

direct trauma

excessive load with partial to full failure

32
Q

what atre the SS for ruptured PEC

A

hemmorage, rupture/disfunction

33
Q

TX for pec major rupture

A 
ice
sling 
rest
analgesic
(surgery might be needed for complete tear)
34
Q

what is the most common fractured part of the thoriax

A

clav

35
Q

wwhat is the MOI for clavic

A

FOOSh

lateral shoulder impart

36
Q

what are the SS for clav

A

distal third common

easilty palp deformity

37
Q

what is the treatment for clv fractiure

A

immobilize

tubular sling, acillary roll, swatche, ice xray

38
Q

wjat is the MOI for SC joint

A

direct’indirect impact

bilarteral compression of shoulders

39
Q

SS of SC joint sepration

A

tendor to pal
pain w ROM
visible defromtity
breathing issues

40
Q

if there is onyl mild sepetaoru, what is treatment

A

immobilize
pier
refer

41
Q

if severe seperation

A

ice 911 o2

42
Q

why is xrrays important for clav sepration

A

able to see if its pushing on structures

43
Q

what is costochondral sepratior

A

discontinution between rib and sternal attachment

44
Q

will you hear a pop for costchondral sepration

A

yes

45
Q

what is the MOI of chostochondral sepration

A

direct trauma

lateral fall on thorax (rib anterio)

46
Q

what are the SS for chostochondral sepration

A

pain on pal[ and inspritation
sjhallow breathing
derfomrinty
giarding

47
Q

what is the treaatament for chrostchondra

A

calm, ice, refferal, sling spring etc

48
Q

whata is the MOI for rib fracatuer

A

firect truama

49
Q

true or false: ribs fractures to 1-4 are very common

A

false

50
Q

why are rib favtures from 8-12 caution

A

because at the level of the spleen liver and kidneys

51
Q

true or false: floating ribs are commonly injured

A

false

52
Q

what are the SS for a rib fracture

A 
locaal tendernus
sharp [ain
crep
shallow rbeaths
coughing blood
flail chest
53
Q

what is rib fracture treamtment

A

shock, respirtory effort,
manual supper
ref xray and ref

54
Q

what is support for ribs thorax

A

triagnualr badage inside folded towel

apply around affected around and add tubular sling for supprt of arm

55
Q

what is flail chest

A

2 or more fractured ribs in 2 or more planes

56
Q

MOI for flair chest

A

firect trauma,crush

57
Q

what is paradoxial breathin

A

inspiration=contrcts

exhalation’expands

58
Q

what are the SS for flail cehst

A

flail, sharp pain. tenderness
crep
pain with inhalation
paradoxial breathing

59
Q

what is flail chest treatment

A

911 respitory suppert with bvm
o2
support flair woth bnressing

60
Q

tue ro false: sternum fracure is more serious tha nthe damage to inderneath

A

false

61
Q

what is MOI for sternum

A

dircet trauma from fall
impact
decleipation

62
Q

what are SS for sternum

A

pain on pal
crep
swelling
marfan

63
Q

what is pneumothorax

A

air in chest cavity, outside of lungs

64
Q

what are the 2 types of pneumothorax

A

open aand closed

65
Q

what is the MOI for pneumothroax

A

penetraating injruies

66
Q

what is another name for open pneumo

A

sucking chest wound

67
Q

what is the tramtent for sucking chest wound

A

non occulsive cause on the hole

68
Q

what can be used instead of non occulsive dressing

A

chest seal

69
Q

what is another name for clsoed pneumothroax

A

tension

70
Q

what is tension pneu

A

further pressure build up since air cannot espace

71
Q

what can tension pneuthorax lead to

A

more pressure
eventually affect unijured long
TRACHEAL DEV

72
Q

true or false: trachel deviation is an early sign

A

false

CATA 262 (17 decks)

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