Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CATA 262 > lecture 5+6: spinal injuries and evaluation > Flashcards

lecture 5+6: spinal injuries and evaluation Flashcards

1
Q

true or false: rule out spinal before conussion

A

false

rule out concussion first

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are some functions of the spine

A 
protects spinal cord
maintains posture
allows movemnt
shock absorption (disks)
attachment for muscles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

whoch cervicals are more liekly to be injured

A

c1 and c2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

if athelte is unconcious…

A

always assume spinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

c4 injury

A

complete paralysis below neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

c6 injury

A

partial paralysis of hands and arms as well as lower body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

t6 injury

A

paralassis below chest

paralpgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

l1 injuries

A

results in paralysis below waist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what sports are more likely to have thorasic/lumbar spinal injiries

A

snowboarding and skiing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 4 types of injuries that can happen to the spine

A

1) compression fracures (wednege compression/total flattening)
2) fracures (small frags of bones)
3) subluxation (partial disslocation)
4) overstressitng.tearing ligs and msucles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are some MOi for spinal inkiryes

A 
axial loading 
hyperflexion
hyperexntision
hyperrotation
lateral bending
overelongation of spine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

explain flexion with axial compession

A

most common
veretbral body fractures burn psoterior to the spinal cord
ex: hockey, football , diving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what the problem with flexion and axial load

A

in flexion

force is not distributed normally, can cmpress a nerve and cause injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

explain extrension with compression

A

causes compression fracure to arch and spinal

rupture anterior long. lig

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where is the force distributed in extension w compression

A

not on the body, on the vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

explain rotation and hyperxntion

A

facemask iinjury can cause fracutres and dislocation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where is rotation and hyperextension common

A

common in helmet sports

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does sudden lateral bending cause

A

injury to brachial plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is a burner or stinger caused by

A

stretch or compression injury to the bracial plexius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the brachial plexus from and responsible for

A

c5-t1

responsible for cutaneous and muscular innervation of upper lumb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are the sumptoms of the stinger

A

severe burnign pain

prickly that radiates to beck and arms and fingers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are the red dlag symptoms of stingers

A

shoulder weakness and muscle and tenderness of neck

experiences hours/days past injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what sports is stingers common in

A

football
wrestling
HOCKER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the 2 mechanisms for stringers

A

stretch and compression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the stretcnh mechanism for stringers

A

lateral flexion of head and depression of the shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the compression mechanism of stinger

A

head is lateral compression but shoulder of the same side is compressed (elevating shoulder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is typical posture for burner

A

depressed shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what are the 3 degrees of brachial plexus injuries

A

1) 1st degress (neuraplaxia)
2) 2nd degress (axonotmesis)
3) 3rd degress (neurotmesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is neuroplaxia and prognosis

A

=cervical nerve pinch/stretch syndrome

temporary loss of sensation/motor function
without structural changes

recoverey without a few days to weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what are the signs and prognosis for axonotmesis

A

significant motor and mild sensoty decificts
causes axonal damage

defecit lasts 2 weeks (slow regrowth but normal function is usually resotred)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what are the signs and prognosis for neurotmesis

A

motor and sensoty deficits persist for up to 1 year
nerve lacerated/avulsed

poor prognosis (surgical intervention)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is the most common brachial blexus injury

A

neuropraxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what are the signs and symtoms of neuroplaxia

A 
burning, tingling, numbess
shoulder to hand
loss of function and sensation
transcient (should go away)
change in grip strength
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

low long does mild neuroplaxia

A

lasts seconds to minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

how long does moderate neuroplaxia last

A

minutes/hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

how long does severe neuropraxia last

A

unresolved at 12 h

37
Q

if you have mild or moderate neuroprxia, you cannot return to tplay

A

false, you can

38
Q

how can you help RTP for neuropraxia

A

ice

39
Q

what is grade 2/2nd degress 9axonotmesis

A

degeneration of the axon (cut away from the stretch)

but nerve sheat is still intact

40
Q

true or false: recovery is possible with grade 2

A

true

41
Q

what are the signs and symptomms of axonotmesis

A

numbness, tingling, affected function

long nerves have great healing time than shorts

42
Q

true or false: 2nd degress/axonotmesis is rare within athletics

A

true

43
Q

how long does it take for full strength and senstation for axonotmesis to be re gained

A

6 weeks-6 months

44
Q

are you sent to the hos[ital for grade 2

A

yes

45
Q

true or false: permament nerve damage occurs in 1st degree

A

false

in grade 3

46
Q

what is grade 3/ neurotmesis

A

complete cut of nerve fiber and steath

immediate loss of snestation

47
Q

what is the TX for neurotmesis

A

ice and neurosurgery

48
Q

what are the 2 subsets of spinal cord innjuries

A

primary

secondary

49
Q

when does primary spinal cord injuries occur

A

at the time of impact or focre applciation

50
Q

when does secondary injury of spinal offuce

A

after initial injury

51
Q

what are some examples of spinal injury sports

A 
diving
football
gymnastics
skiing
etc
52
Q

what are the 4 conditions of the c spine

A

fractures
dislocations
sprains
spinal stenosis

53
Q

where are cervical fractures most common

A

c4 c5 c6

54
Q

what is the MOi for cervical fracrues

A

axial loading

flexion of vertebral body

55
Q

what happens imore in sports, cervical fractures or fisplcations

A

disclocations

56
Q

what is MOI for disloacted

A

violent flexion and rotations (facets move before normal ROM)

57
Q

what are the signs and symtpms of cervical fracure and dislocation

A 
CONSIDERABLE PAIN
• NUMBNESS
• WEAKNESS
• PARALYSIS
• TILTED NECK (DISLOCATION)
• MUSCLES ON SHORT SIDE (SPASM)
52
58
Q

what is the cause of cervical sprain

A

sudden extension or flexion

whiplash

59
Q

what is the treatment for fracture, discloation and sprains

A

BOARD

60
Q

what is transcient quadriplegia

A

complete loss of senstation and motor fucntion of all 4 extremeleties from neck trauma

61
Q

what causes transcient quad.

A

cervical stenosis

can be congenital narrowing or devolp it

62
Q

what can cause trans. quad if not born with it

A

repeated hyperflexion/extension with axial loading

63
Q

what are the signs and symtpoms of transcient. quad

A

burning numb or tingling without any pain

full ROM

64
Q

when is full recovery from transcient quad/

A

10-15 min

65
Q

true or false: spinal stenosis always have signs ans symptoms

A

false

66
Q

true ro false: you need medical clerance to go back to pay

A

true

67
Q

what is a myotme for

A

motor eval (dont let me move u)

68
Q

what does the c5 reflex test

A

biceps brachhi

69
Q

what does the c6 reflex test

A

brachioradialis

70
Q

what does the c7 reflex test

A

triceps brachi

71
Q

what does the l4 reflex test

A

quads fem 9knee jerk)

72
Q

what does the l5 reflex test

A

extensor digi brev

73
Q

what does the s1 reflex test

A

achilles

74
Q

what do reflexes test

A

integrity of tehe nervous system, sensory and motor pathways

75
Q

expkain head stabilixation

A

come from facing do not cover ears

prone: side of face and head on top w forearm on spine
sitting: vice grip

76
Q

explain head reallignment

A

side bending and roation

77
Q

what are the 6 contraindications

A 
bony block
spasm
increase pain
increase neurological symtpmos
patient doesnt want
compromised airway
78
Q

know how to measure collar and take off equo[

A

.

79
Q

study the rolls.

A

/.

80
Q

when you are boading, the short end should alway be at the hips>

A

true

81
Q

what is the main steps for unconcious spinak

1

A

1) ERP
2) scene survey and sagety
3) head stabile
4) abcs
5) opa and maintain airway
6) prevent shock
7) assisngment takes over head
8) head to toe palp (secondary assess)
9) baseline vitals
10) DEFG
11) immobolize
12) board

82
Q

true or false: absense of spinal spigns means spinal ruled out

A

not ncessarily

83
Q

true or false: walking is a determining factor on whether they need to be boarded

A

false

84
Q

what is the general rule for boarding

A

THE ATHLETE WITH WEAKNESS, PERSISTENT PARESTHESIA, OR LESS THAN A FULL, PAINFREE
RANGE OF CERVICAL MOTION SHOULD BE PROTECTED”

85
Q

what are signs and symptoms of cervical fracures and dislocation

A 
pain
numb
weakness
paraylsis
dislocation
msucle spasm
86
Q

what is the rule for cervical collar

A

COLLAR HAS TO BE IN-LINE WITH THE

STERNUM AND PROPERLY FITTED (open mouth)

87
Q

what is the ked

A

THE K.E.D.

KENDRICK EXTRICATION DEVICE

88
Q

what is another name for long board and what is it used ofr

A

spinal board

extracation

CATA 262 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions