Lecture 11 - Week 6 - Evolution

Question 1

What is a phenotype?

Answer 1

An observable trait

Question 2

What is a genotype?

Answer 2

The genetic code for the trait

Question 3

What is mutation?

Answer 3

A random change in a gene

Question 4

What is migration (in evolution)?

Answer 4

Genes moving from one population to another

Question 5

How does genetic migration occur?

Answer 5

An individual (or individuals) carry a gene from one population to another (breedable) population. The gene is a good fit for the environmental niche and survives/finds success in the population.

Question 6

How does a mutation occur?

Answer 6

A change in the DNA sequence occurs spontaneously. The mutation improves or does not change the animal’s success/survival rate.

Question 7

What is genetic drift?

Answer 7

A random sampling error that occurs over generations

Question 8

What is natural selection?

Answer 8

Unfit (for the environmental niche) phenotypes are removed from the gene pool/population/community because they are unsuccessful in areas such as: attracting a mate, predation, climate, etc.

Question 9

by 1890, less than 20
individuals, now over 100,000