Lecture 12 Flashcards
(42 cards)
What did Max Weber argue that there are three primary bases of power in
societies :
Class
Status
Parties
What is class?
● Class is about power in the economic order.
● Classes differed based on the property they owned and the services they
offered.
What were Weber’s four classes?
● Large capitalists
● Small capitalists
● Specialists
● The working classes
What is status?
● Status groups have some kind of
social honour or prestige
through their social position
expressed during interactions.
● Social honour or prestige may be
positive or negative and the
status groups underlying this
honour are varied.
What is Social Media Siloing?
Silo: isolation and separation of people into homogeneous groups based on their preferences, beliefs, or viewpoints
Facebook: Influential friends have more influence on news-feeds
You are less likely to see friends who do not have influential networks
Explain the spikes and declines of income inequality in Canada:
Spikes: 20’s (building trains, and large manufacturing industries)
Declines: War ( and economic crisis afterwords)
Most equal: 1955-1980 (welfare introduced here)
Trends in Wealth Inequality:
Stable.
60% of Canada’s wealth = top 10% of ppl
20% of Canada’s wealth = Top 1% of ppl
around 5% of wealth = Bottom 50% of ppl
How do we measure Income Inequality in Canada?
Socio-economic status (SES)
Is Income inequality as big of an issue if we have lots of social mobility?
Inequality would be less of an issue
Is income based on parental income?
Yes it’s heavily related
What is an Achievement-based stratification system?
Social mobility occurs in an achievement-based system.
In this system, people’s rank depends on their accomplishments.
Those who work hard rise up the class ranks
What is an Ascription-based stratification system?
Determines an individual’s rank by their ascribed characteristics.
Ascribed characteristics refer to the features an individual is born with.
If people of certain ethnicities, religions, or genders hold certain ranks in
society because of who they are, it is an ascription-based system.
What is Intergenerational mobility?
occurs between generations, from
parent to child
What is Intragenerational mobility?
occurs within a single generation
What is intergenerational income elasticity?
which refers to the statistical relationship between a parent’s and a child’s
economic standings.
● Bigger number = bigger relationship between parent and childs income standing
Where does Canada stand with intergenerational income elasticities?
Middle
US and UK = Highest
What is Income Inequality like in the U.S?
Higher Income Elasticity number
Also very racialized- (only 2.5 of black children will move up)
What are social factors associated with mobility?
Education
Family background
Culture
Which two main skills predict adult incomes?
- Educational attainment and
- cognitive skills
- Gap between income with and without degrees is getting bigger
- most ppl with degrees have parents with degrees
What is one of the strongest predictors of the child’s academic achievement?
The socioeconomic status of a child’s parents
Achievement gap between high and low earner parents and academic achievement for their kids is growing
The children of the rich do better in school,
and those who do better in school are more
likely to become rich
What is Habitus (Bourdieu)?
A set of norms and expectations
unconsciously acquired by individuals
through experience and socialization as
embodied dispositions
Basically: Internalized traits that make us think certain ways depending on what group we are in
Doxa vs Habitus?
Doxa: Looking in mirror before leaving the house
Habitus: How you look at yourself in the mirror (not in social vacuum)
What is Cultural Capital?
External wealth converted into an integral part of the personal acculturation :
The age in which acculturation begins
The total time for “acculturation process ”
Ex. doing flash cards with child each night (will be useful later on)
or learning the piano
What is Social Capital?
Networks and connections
