Lecture 12

Question 1

What are stereotype, prejudice and discrimination?

Answer 1

• Stereotype: A cognition/belief that you have.
• Prejudice: An affect, the feelings connected to the beliefs.
• Discrimination: The Behavior that is linked to the belief and the affect.

Question 2

What is authoritarianism and social dominance orientation personality?

Answer 2

• Authoritarianism: people who belief in authority and are more intolerant of outgrips.
• Social Dominance orientation: people who belief that a hierarchy between groups is justified.

Question 3

Why do minorities seem to show negative behavior more often (illusory correlation)?

Answer 3

• Minorities are attention grabbing as well as negative behaviors.
• This is why people see an illusory correlation between minorities and negative behavior.
• You overestimate the percentage of negative behavior within a group because the group is small so you assume the percentage to be bigger.

Question 4

What are four reasons why stereotypes are persistent: Coincidence, subtyping, confirmation bias, self-fulfilling prophecy.

Answer 4

1. If there is counter stereotypical behavior it is seen as a coincidence/situational
2. Subtyping means that people make a special category for an individual who does not fit the stereotype
3. Confirmation bias: We pay more attention to and seek information that supports our stereotypes.
4. Self-fulfilling prophecy: you behave in a way that confirms your stereotype. (“he is a bad person” so you treat him as a bad person and he becomes a bad person).

Question 5

What happens in deindividuation and competition(realistic conflict theory) and cooperation?

Answer 5

• Deindividuation means you are anonymous within the group and lose your personal identity and personal values. You lose self-awareness
• Competition(realistic conflict theory): intergroup conflict emerges when groups compete for resources.
• Cooperation is when groups have common goals.

Question 6

What happens in the sheriff summer camp/robbers’ cave experiments: Group formation, Competition and common goals

Answer 6

• Phase 1: group formation: small mini-cultures developed within groups
• Phase 2: Competition: groups started to become hostile towards each other and dehumanization.
• Phase 3: common superordinate goals: friendships between members of different groups emerged.