Lecture 13 - Drug Abuse & Addiction Flashcards
(62 cards)
Really hard to die from an OD of ______ alone
benzos
*become dangerous when mixed with other CNS depressants
When would anti-depressants have addiction potential? (i.e. what receptor would they have to hit?)
dopamine
What are benzo’s first line for?
really only first line for status epilepticus
What other drugs have abuse potential?
- Z drugs
- Gabapentin
_____ has opioid effect in massive doses
loperamide
______ can have a dissociative effect at high doses as well
gravol
By itself, _____ is not toxic
gravol
*again, it’s when it’s mixed with other CNS depressants (ex. alcohol) when it becomes dangerous
What drugs have abuse potential?
- marijuana
- pain relievers
- inhalants
- tranquilizers (benzos)
- hallucinogens
- stimulants (ADHD meds)
- cocaine
- sedatives
- heroin
What are some sources for the Rx drugs that are being abused?
- got them from a friend or relative for free
- bought from a friend or relative
- Rx’s from 1 doctor
- Bought from drug dealer or stranger
- Took from a friend or relative without asking
- Rx’s from more than 1 doctor
- bought on internet
What is speedball?
heroin & cocaine
depressant then stimulant
Who is more likely to prescribed CNS depressants?
older women
2 main reasons why people use drugs ?
1) To feel good To have novel: -feelings -sensations -experiences AND to share them
2) To feel better To lessen: -anxiety -worries -fears -depression -hopelessness
Is addiction more likely with physical or emotional pain relief?
emotional
Why do we as pharmacists care about drug mis use?
- drug interactions
- patients are uneducated and they are dangerous
- they are not studied in quantities or mixtures that they are being used in
What is addiction?
Addiction is a persistent, compulsive dependence on a behaviour or substance despite recurrence of negative consequences.
Addiction is a primary, chronic condition involving brain reward, motivation, memory and related circuitry.
*when an unhealthy relationship with the drug develops
Describe 2 types of addiction
1) Ingestion
- drugs or alcohol
2) Process
- gambilng, shopping, sex, internet
What are our natural rewards? (that are important for survival or ourselves and our species)
- food
- sex
- love or babies?
- water
- lmao see page 4
Describe impulsive stage
- binge intoxication
- pleasurable effects
- abstinence - neutral affect
- reward craving
Describe compulsive stage
- prolonged intoxication
- relief
- protracted abstinence - negative affect
- reliefe craving
What circuits are involved in drug abuse and addiction?
- inhibitory control
- reward/salience
- motivation/drive
- memory/learning
how is inhibitory control, reward and drive changed in an addicted brain vs. non-addicted brain
In the addicted brain:
- inhibitory control is minimized
- reward and drive are bigger
Why should we care?
DRUG INTERACTIONS MAN
Why don’t we see medication or alcohol problems?
- attitudes
- beliefs
- denial
When can drug interactions result?
- Mixing 2 or more medications
- Mixing medications and illicit drugs
- Mixing multiple illicit substances
*Medications include prescription, OTC, and herbal/alternative products
