Lecture 13- Liver anatomy

Question 1

liver is the

Answer 1

largest internal organ (1.5kg)

Question 2

sits

Answer 2

in the right hand side of the body

Question 3

main function

Answer 3

• digestive function-bile
• nutrient processing
• detoxidication
• cholesterol production
• nutrient storage- fats and glycogen
• blood sugar regulation

Question 4

abdominopelvic regions

Answer 4

can be divided into 6

Question 5

which regions does the liver fall into

Answer 5

• right hypochondriac region
• epigastric region
• left hypochrondriac region

Question 6

superior border of the liver sceletopia (relation to the ribs)

Answer 6

starts at the level or the tenth rib and extends at the 4th intercostal and then goes to the 5th intercostal space (left sternal border) and ends at the 6th itnercostal space

Question 7

inferior border of the liver sceletopia (relation to the ribs)

Answer 7

starts at the 10th rib on the right and goes up to the level of the 8th 9th rib, then extends further to where th cartilage of 8th rib meets cartilage of the 9th rib and up to the 6th intercostal space

Question 8

posteirorly the liver will be found

Answer 8

between the T9-T11

Question 9

how is the liver positioned in relation to other organs

Answer 9

superior border= diaphragmatic surface

• diaphgram rests on it

inferior borer= visceral surface

• pylrous of the stomach
• upper part of the duodenum
• colon
• right kindey
• osophagus and stomach

Question 10

What separates the 2 right and left lobe of the liver

Answer 10

ligamentum falciforme

Question 11

the whole of the liver is covered in peritoneum, ligaments and fat bar the

Answer 11

area nauda (bare area) on the top of the liver

diaphragm lies directly on top of the place

Question 12

right saggital groove formed by the

Answer 12

fossa for inferior vea cava

fossa for gallbladder

separates the right lobe

Question 13

left saggital grove formed by the

Answer 13

ligamentum teres hepatis (round ligament)

and

ligamentum venosum

these 2 ligaments form left saggital groove which separates the left lobe fromt he rest of the lobes

Question 14

transverse groove lies in the

Answer 14

porta hepatica

Question 15

what does the transverse groove do

Answer 15

separates the caudate lobe(superior) from the quadrate lobe (inferior)

(think cross in H between right and left saggital groove)

Question 16

anteriorly how many lobes can be seen

Answer 16

2- separated by the falciform ligament (ligamentum falciforme)

Question 17

posteriorly how many lobes can be seen

Answer 17

4

• left
• right
• caudate
• quadrate

Question 18

porta hepatis

Answer 18

short deep depression (synonymus with the transverse groove) where a number of sturctures come out of:

• common hepatic duct
• hepatic protal vein
• hepatic artery proper
• hepatic lymph nodes
• hepatic plesu- nerves

All embrased by the hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 19

what covers the liver to protect it

Answer 19

tunica fibrosa and the peritoneum

reduces friction from surrounding structures

Question 20

area nauda

Answer 20

Question 21

ligaments around the liver: ligaments to the diaphragm

Answer 21

• lig. falciform hepatis
• lig. coronaires hepatis
• lig. triangulares D (right) /S (left)

Question 22

ligaments around the liver: ligaments to organs

Answer 22

• lig. hepatogastricum
• lighepatoduodenale
• lig hepatorenae
• lig teres hepatis

Question 23

lig. falciform hepatis

Answer 23

connects the liver to the anterior wall

Question 24

ligamentum coranarium

Answer 24

connects the liver to the diaphragm (in the middle of this is the are nauda)

Question 25

ligament triangulare left and right

Answer 25

looks triangular left ligament triangulare= sinistrum right ligament triangulare= dextrum

Question 26

all the ligaments that go to other organs from the liver start from

Answer 26

porta hepatis

Question 27

lig hepatogastricum

Answer 27

goes from the liver to the stomach

Question 28

ligasment hepatoduodenale

Answer 28

from porta hepatis to the duodenum- bile duct veins nerve artieres

Question 29

lig hepatorenal

Answer 29

goes from liver to kidney

Question 30

lig teres hepatis

Answer 30

round ligament - projects antieorly extending from porta hepatis to the umbilical ring (naval)

Question 31

how the liver develps from embyro to new born

Answer 31

signifant growth

Question 32

embryologically why does the bare area exist

Answer 32

* Liver develops within two sheets of the ventral Mesentry of the foregut- most of the liver is intraperitonealà shiny. However **bare area of liver** not covered by peritoneum, sitting right under the diaphragm

Question 33

how many functional sections of the liver

Answer 33

8

Question 34

infeiror view of the kindey- from lookinh underneither

Answer 34

Question 35

porta hepatis can be compared to the

Answer 35

* Like the hilum of the kidneys and spleen * Area where blood vessels come in and the bile ducts come out * Contents of porta hepatis (DAVE) * **Ducts**à summation of lots of different bile ducts from bile canaliculi that the hepatocyte make à come out of the liver as the left and right hepatic ducts * **Arteries** * **Veins** e.g. portal veins which drain into the IVC * **Epiploic foramen**

Question 36

view of superior surface

Answer 36

* **Rough area= the bare area not covered in peritoneum**

Question 37

internal anatomy of the liver

Answer 37