Lecture 13 Prg 2 Flashcards
(22 cards)
where are all the places a receptor maybe in a cell
post syn, presyn, extra-syn
can a NT have multiple uses
Yes, depending on the receptor type and/or position, a NT can have many different uses and effects on a cell
Define Metabotropic
accesses/influences metabolic enzymes within a cell to indirectly activate ion channels
What do GPCR’s do that make them metabotropic
They don’t let ions straight through the cell and instead change the function of either presyn or post syn through using metabolic enzymes resulting in indirect ion channel activation
what are some examples of GPCR NT
Glutamate, acetylcholine and dopamine
Can GPCR’S be used as dimer
Yes, They’re always dimers and don’t necessarily need to be the same type of GPCR to fuse to become a dimer
What part of a GPCR is used to form a dimer
An intra membrane domain that coils
whats the difference between D1-like receptors and D2- like receptors
D1: Gs uses adenylyl cyclase and activates cAMP. excitatory neurotransmission
D2: Gi Inhibits adenylyI cyclase. inhibitory neurotransmission
what are the 2 ways RTK’s ( enzyme - linked receptors) work
Through direct contact with an enzyme or through the cytosolic domain, activated with intrinsic enzymes
Whats the difference between how the 2 types of RTK work
The direct association requires the enzyme to be a part of the actual receptor while the intrinsic is just a enzyme in the cytosol which works with the receptor when needed
What NT activates the RTK TrkB and how is it stored
The NT is BDNF(brain derived neurotrophic factor) and it is stored as a LDCV (large dense core vesicle)
Whats the difference between mature and Pro BDNF
Pro BDNF is also a signaling molecule but with negative affects and associated with apoptosis
Mature BDNF is associated with cell survival and LTP
What is the name of the pathway that uses Pro BDNF
The constitutive pathway
What’s the name of the pathway that uses mature BDNF
The regulated pathway
What are the 2 types of GABA channels, how do they signal and what does GABA do
Type A which is ionotropic and type B which is metabotropic
GABA is an inhibitory NT
What is GABA made out of, how is it synthesized and how could we know it’s present in a cell
GABA is an amino acid thats not found in proteins. It’s synthesized by glutamic acid decarboxylases also known as GAD’s. This means to tell if they’re in a cell, the presence of GADS is an indicator
Describe the structure of a GABA a receptor
A pentameric shape with a pore in the middle. It’s a chloride ion channel. Each of the 5 subunits are made up of 4 transmembrane proteins that are folded to fit
What makes the terminuses of GABA channels different to others
both the N and the C terminus are extracellular
Whats the difference between tonic inhibition and phasic inhibition for GABA receptors
Tonic- extracellular GABA binds to extrasynaptic GABA a receptors. This has an effect on RMP and cell excitability
Phasic- GABA is released from a presynaptic terminal into the synapse where it binds to post synaptic GABA a receptors
How does GABA correlate to anxiety
People with anxiety can have reduced GABA activity. Therefore GABA enhancing drugs may help treat anxiety disorders
Where are some of the places ACh is found
NMJ, autonomic ganglia, postganglionic parasympathetic synapses, interneurons in striatum and cortex, midbrain, cortex, hippocampus and amygdal
our focus is in hippocampus and the NMJ
