lecture 14

Question 1

what is ground water?

Answer 1

the water held underground in soil or permeable rock

Question 2

hydrostateic pressure

Answer 2

this is the pressure at a point in a fluid at rest due to the weight of the fluid above

Question 3

what is the first rule of dealing with ground water?

Answer 3

do not let the water enter the ground at the building

SLOPE the site away from the building

• make sure the downspouts are directed away from the building

Question 4

what makes the groundwater become hystrostatic pressure?

Answer 4

gravity

not horizontal movement

Question 5

what is the best ways to treat a building below grade to prevent groundwater intrusion? (2)

Answer 5

dampproofin

water proofing

Question 6

what is dampproofing

Answer 6

a way of treating the foundation of a building to prevent moisture intrusion from the surrounding soil

Question 7

what is bituminous

Answer 7

a coating spray or painted on the surface as a protective coat

Question 8

underground mansonry walls need to be

Answer 8

parged

Question 9

parging is

Answer 9

a thin rough coat of Portland cement plaster applied to masonry walls

Question 10

waterproofing has what characteristics

Answer 10

self adhering membrane
flexible
liquid-applied product
continuous

Question 11

the applicaiton to prevent groundwater intrusion must be protected during

Answer 11

the backfill process

Question 12

how do we protect during the backfill process

Answer 12

we can use a board product
or
drainage mat
or
rigid insulation

Question 13

how do we deal with draining excess groundwater away from the building as it moves toward the footing?

Answer 13

drainage mats- they carry water down to the footing from above

then at the footing we install a drainpipe that runs around the building- it is perforated to allow water to enter

Question 14

drain pipes are what

Answer 14

• footing drians- drain tile
  it is set in a bed of crushed stone/gravel to allow for easy water flow

Question 15

what is wrapped around the gravel area to preven soil intrusiton

Answer 15

filter fabric

Question 16

the drainage pipe is sloped to allow for

Answer 16

the water to run into the storm draing

Question 17

what materials can the drain pipe be

Answer 17

concrete, pvc, cast iron, or clay

Question 18

what is water vapor

Answer 18

the gaseous form of water found in some quantitiy in virtually all air on the planet

Question 19

saturated air-

Answer 19

air that contians the max amount of water vapor it can hold

this ammount increased as the temp of the air increase

Question 20

relative humdity

Answer 20

the measure of the amount of water vapor in the air as a factor of how much total water vapor that air can hold

Question 21

dew point-

Answer 21

the temp of the air at which the water vapor satruation of the air has become 100%

Question 22

as the air cools the max water vapor contents

Answer 22

drop

Question 23

as the air reached the dew point

Answer 23

the air becomes fully saturated

Question 24

condensation-

Answer 24

water that had returned to a liquid state after being forced out the fully saturated air

Question 25

if the dew point occurs inside your wall you can run into some major issure : (4)

Answer 25

decay mold destruction mayhem

Question 26

water vapor wants to achieve

Answer 26

equilibrium

Question 27

in gerneral what direction does water vapor more?

Answer 27

always moves from the warm side of an assmebly to the cold side of an assmebly

Question 28

water vapor moves through

Answer 28

creacks and holes also through the assembly

Question 29

air retarder-

Answer 29

= building wrap= a membran that is wrapped over the exterior wall of a building prior to installing the exterior wall clading to slow air diffusion

Question 30

what does the air retarted allow?

Answer 30

water vapor to freely pass thorugh

Question 31

what does the air retarder prevent?

Answer 31

the air and water from moving throught must be sealed at joints

Question 32

vapor retarder-

Answer 32

a material of low permanence installed in a constructin to preent moisrute from entering and reaching a point where it can condense into a liquid

Question 33

the vapor retarders are normally placed

Answer 33

on the warm side of the construction in temperate of cold climates in hot humid places they may have to move the retarder to the outside of the construction

Question 34

what are the 3 primary wats that rain water can enter the building:

Answer 34

gravity surface tension - capillary action wind

Question 35

you must seal what to ensure water does not get within your buildin

Answer 35

JOINTS - sealants degrade over time and need to be replaced

Question 36

all horizontal planes are

Answer 36

sloped

Question 37

what is a typical roof or other large surface area for slope?

Answer 37

1/4" : 1'

Question 38

the drip edge, groove, or slot does what on the roof

Answer 38

overhangs

Question 39

how does surface tension force water into the bulding?

Answer 39

surface tension allows a thin film of water to travel horizontally along a soffit edge or the like creates capillary forces

Question 40

how do you prevent surface tension from forcing water within the building?

Answer 40

include a capillary break at joints seal any porous materials

Question 41

how does wind force water into a building?

Answer 41

wind forces impart kinetic energy to prevent this provide overlap between members meeting at joints us L or Z flashing

Question 42

what is a impervious wall?

Answer 42

EIFS - needs ongoing maintenance

Question 43

what is a mass wall?

Answer 43

a wall that sheds most rain at the exteiror face and absorbs the rest which is released as vapor as the wall dries out moisture can occasionally get all the way thrrough

Question 44

what is a drainage wall?

Answer 44

a wall that utilizes a drainage plane or moisture barrier between the exterior classing and supporting wall for additional moisture resistance

Question 45

rainscreen is what?

Answer 45

a wall consisting of an outer layer of cladding, an air cavity, and a drainage palne with a rigid, water resistance, and airtight support system

Question 46

a good example of a simple rainscreen is

Answer 46

a veneer brick wall lapped siding

Question 47

the air cavity is used for

Answer 47

water drainage but also air circulation