Lecture 14 Purines

Question 1

Nuceloside

Answer 1

No phosphate
Adenosine

Question 2

Nucleotide

Answer 2

Phosphate

ADP/ATP

Question 3

Methylxanthines

Answer 3

Endogenous Purine

Ex. Caffeine

Question 4

What are endogenous purines involved in

Answer 4

DNA/RNA synthesis
Energy Metabolism
Purinergic Signalling

Question 5

What does Purinergic Signalling Regulate

Answer 5

Blood Flow
Platelet Aggregation
Neurotransmission
Immune Response

Question 6

What are the three families of Purinergic Receptors

Answer 6

Adenosine Receptors (A1-3) - G-protein
P2Y (P2Y 1-14) - G-protein
P2X - ATP-gated cation channels

Question 7

Which Adenosine Channels are G-Proteins

Answer 7

A1-3
P2Y

Question 8

What Adenosine Receptors are not G-Protein

Answer 8

P2X

ATP-Gated cation Channels

Question 9

Where is adenosine found

Answer 9

Cytosol of Cells (Intercell)
Body Fluids (Extracell)

Transported in and out of cells

Question 10

Adenosine (Cardiovascular Effects)

Answer 10

Inhibits cardiac conduction (treats rapid heart rate)

Vasodilation
Inhibit Platelet Aggregation

Question 11

Adenosine (CNS Effects)

Answer 11

Inhibits Neurons (Generally)

Question 12

Caffeine CNS effect

Answer 12

Caffeine is an antagonist to Adenosine

Causes stimulating effect on neurons

Question 13

Adenosine (Pro-Inflammatory Effects)

Answer 13

A1 Receptor

Promotes Mediator Release from Mast Cells

Increased Mucous Secretion in Lungs

Bronchoconstriction

Leukocyte Activation

Question 14

Adenosine (Anti-Inflammatory Effects)

Answer 14

A2A Receptor

Question 15

Theophyline

Answer 15

Blocks A1 Receptor to treat Asthma

Causes Bronchodilation
Inhibits Mucous Secretions

Question 16

Where is ADP found

Answer 16

Stored in cell vesicles

Question 17

When does ADP act

Answer 17

P2Y Receptor Signalling

Question 18

What does ADP do

Answer 18

P2Y 12

Stimulates Platelet Aggregation

Question 19

How do anti-platelet drugs work

Answer 19

Blocking ADPs actions

Destroying ADP
Blocking P2Y 13 Rece[tpr

Question 20

Where does ATP primarily act

Answer 20

P2X receptors

Question 21

How is ATP transported out from cell

Answer 21

Exocytosed / Released via channels

Question 22

What does ATP do

Answer 22

Vasodilation
Stimulate Insulin Secretion
Neurotransmitter in periphery
Pain Transmission
Inflammation

Question 23

How does ATP work in Vasodilation

Answer 23

Activates K+ channels to stimulate Vasodilation

Question 24

How does ATP work in Inflammation

Answer 24

Is released from dead/dying cells

Stimulates neutrophils chemotaxis