Lecture 14: The upper limb 3- Arm and Elbow

Question 1

What is the arm?

Answer 1

everything from the shoulder to elbow

Question 2

what are the three anterior muscles of the arm?

Answer 2

1) coracobrachialis
2) bicep brachii
3) Brachialis

Question 3

“a lady lies between two majors” - explain this.

Answer 3

It describes the insertion of the three muscles:

• Medial lip of intertubercular groove: teres major
• “floor” of intertubercular groove: Latissimus dorsi
• Lateral lip of the intertubercular: Pectoralis major

Question 4

Where does the tendon for long head bicep brachii run?

Answer 4

Intertubercular groove

Question 5

deltoid tuberosity is on the _______ side of humerus

Answer 5

lateral

Question 6

coracobrachialis inserts into the ______ side of humerus

Answer 6

medial

Question 7

What are the two septa that seperate the flex and extensor compartments of the arms.

Answer 7

lateral intermuscular septa and medial intermuscular septa

Question 8

What ligament runs over the long head of biceps brachii at the proximal end of the humerus?

Answer 8

Transverse humeral ligament

Question 9

What are the origin and insertion of the long head bicep brachii muscle?

Answer 9

origin: front
Insertion:

Question 10

What are the origin and insertion of the long head bicep brachii muscle?

Answer 10

Origin: Supraglenoid Tubercle
Insertion: Radial Tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

Question 11

What are the origin and Insertion of short head biceps brachii muscle?

Answer 11

Origin: Coracoid process
Insertion: Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

Question 12

What is the main function of the bicep brachii?

Answer 12

The first function it does is act as a SUPINATOR then it is a ELBOW FLEXOR

Question 13

What are the origin and insertion of the brachialis?

Answer 13

Origin: Front of humerus, including the intramuscular septa
Insertion: Ulna tuberosity

Question 14

What is the main function of the brachialis?

Answer 14

its only job is to flex the elbow. The bones wont allow it to do anything else

Question 15

What is the origin and insertion of the coracobrachialis muscle?

Answer 15

Origin: coracoid process
Insertion:half way down on the medial aspect of the humerus (on the roughhead)

Question 16

Biceps can only ____ the elbow if the arm is in a ______ position (that why its the biceps first priority)

Answer 16

Flex; supinated

Question 17

What muscle is activated to flex the elbow in a pronated position?

Answer 17

coracobrachialis

Question 18

What is the origin and insertion of the tricep brachii?

Answer 18

Origin: long head is the infraglenoid tubercle and lateral and medial are the posterior surface of humerus
Insertion: olecranon

Question 19

how many heads of triceps are there?

Answer 19

lateral head; long head; medial head

Question 20

What is the main function of the tricep brachii?

Answer 20

long head is responsible for extension and adduction of the arm at the glenohumeral joint

Question 21

What is a shunt muscle? and what are some examples?

Answer 21

muscle that prevents dislocation of the joint during load.

deltoid, short head bicep, coracobrachialis, long head tricep

Question 22

On the anterior view, there are 2 fossas. What are they?

Answer 22

Radial and coronoid

Question 23

What are the bone structures responsible for the humero-ulnar joint?

Answer 23

Trochlea on the humerus and the trochlea notch on the ulna.

Question 24

What is the trochlear notch made up of?

Answer 24

olecranon and coronoid process

Question 25

What are the bone structures of the humero-radial joint?

Answer 25

capitulum on the humerus and superior surface of the radius

Question 26

What are the bone structures of the superior radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 26

radial notch on ulnar and head of radius

Question 27

what joints are involved in flexion and extension of elbow?

Answer 27

humero-ulna and humero-radius

Question 28

What joints are involved in pronation and supranation of elbow?

Answer 28

humero-radial and superior radio-ulna

Question 29

the only bone that rotates in the arm is the ______

Answer 29

radius

Question 30

there are three ligaments in the elbow joint. what are they?

Answer 30

radial collateral ligament anular ligament of radius ulnar collateral ligament

Question 31

Whats the purpose of the anular ligament of radius?

Answer 31

To allow radius to rotate

Question 32

whats the origin and insertion of the anular ligament?

Answer 32

Origin: radial notch Insertion: radial notch

Question 33

Whats the purpose of the ulnar collateral ligament?

Answer 33

prevents abduction of the forearm bones (ulna)

Question 34

whats the purpose of the sacciform recess?

Answer 34

allows the radius to rotate

Question 35

What fossa does the fat pads fill up on the elbow joint?

Answer 35

radial and coranoid