Lecture 141

Question 1

Where is histamine stored?

Answer 1

Mast cells and basophils

Question 2

What type of antibodies trigger histamine release?

Answer 2

IgE

Question 3

What receptor is most significant in allergic rhinitis?

Answer 3

H1

Question 4

H1 is primarily Gq-mediated, leading to increased ____

Answer 4

Phospholipase C activity

Question 5

What generation of anti-histamines is dimenhydrinate?

What is the name brand?

Answer 5

First generation

Dramamine

Question 6

What generation of anti-histamines is diphenhydramine?

What is the brand name?

Answer 6

First generation

Benadryl

Question 7

What generation of anti-histamines is chlorpheniramine?

Answer 7

First generation

Question 8

What generation of anti-histamines is promethazine?

Answer 8

First generation

Question 9

What generation of anti-histamines is cyproheptadine?

Answer 9

First generation

Question 10

What generation of anti-histamines is fexofenadine?

Answer 10

Second generation

Question 11

What generation of anti-histamines is loratadine?

Answer 11

Second generation

Question 12

What generation of anti-histamines is desloratadine?

Answer 12

Second generation

Question 13

What generation of anti-histamines is cetirizine?

Answer 13

Second generation

Question 14

What generation of anti-histamines is levocetirizine?

Answer 14

Second generation

Question 15

Which first-generation antihistamine has prominent alpha-1 receptor blockade activity?

Answer 15

Promethazine

Question 16

Blockade of alpha-1 receptors by first-gen antihistamines can cause what adverse effect?

Answer 16

Orthostatic hypotension

Question 17

What first-generation antihistamine is useful in treating serotonin syndrome?

Answer 17

Cyproheptadine

Question 18

Which first-generation antihistamine has anti-serotonin (5-HT2) properties?

Answer 18

Cyproheptadine

Question 19

Which first-generation antihistamine can cause pseudoparkinsonism?

Answer 19

Promethazine

Question 20

Blockade of what receptor can cause extrapyramidal effects from first-generation antihistamines?

Answer 20

D2 receptors

Question 21

Albuterol and salmeterol are what type of agonists?

Answer 21

Selective b2 agonists

Question 22

Cromolyn sodium, nedocromil, and lodoxamide are what type of drug?

Answer 22

Mast cell stabilizers

Question 23

How do mast cell stabilizers work?

Answer 23

Prevent histamine release upon alergen exposure?

Question 24

What are the effects of leukotrienes on the body?

Answer 24

Bronchoconstriction, inflammation, increased vascular permeability

Question 25

How does zileuton work?

Answer 25

5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, prevents leukotriene synthesis

Question 26

What is the action of montelukast and zafirlukast?

Answer 26

LTD4 receptor antagonists

Question 27

Where do LTD4 receptor antagonists act?

Answer 27

Bronchial smooth muscle