lecture 15 Flashcards

1
Q

what classes make up clade aplacophora

A

caudofoveata
solenogastres

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2
Q

Aplacophora habitat

A

they all marine

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3
Q

does aplacophora have shells?

A

no, lack shell plates, they have pointy calcareous sclerites

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4
Q

are are mfs in clade aplacophora
whatdo they lack

A

marine worm like burrowers lacking eyes and metanephridia

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5
Q

class caudofoveata characteristics

A

do not have foot
have radula

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6
Q

class solenogastres

A

do not hav ctenidia and some lack radula
have small foot

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7
Q

where is foot in solenogastres

A

in ventral groove

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8
Q

solenogastres how many species

A

260

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9
Q

caudofoveata # spp

A

130

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10
Q

what is class polyplacophora

A

the chitons

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11
Q

how many species polyplacophora

A

930 spp

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12
Q

where does polyplacophora dwell

A

they are marine

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13
Q

what type of shell does polyplacophora have

A

7-8 flat dorsal shell plates

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14
Q

what does polyplacophora mantle bear

A

spicules

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15
Q

what is the extension of mantle called

A

girdle

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16
Q

how many pairs of ctenidia in polyplacophores

A

6-90

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17
Q

where are eyes in polyplacophora

A

not on head–> poorly developed
on the surface of shell plates there is hundreds of tiny light sensing eyes

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18
Q

how do polyplacophora eat

A

rasping algae off solid substrate

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19
Q

how are radula teeth strengthened in some polyplacophora species

A

magnetite

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20
Q

conchifera

A

where the rest of the molluscs fall

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21
Q

conchifera shells

A

univalved shell

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22
Q

what clade is class monoplacophora inn

A

class chonchifera

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23
Q

how many spp monoplacophora

A

35

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24
Q

monoplacophora shell

A

single cap like shell

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25
how are monoplacophoras known
fossils from cambrian until 1952 when they found live mfs
26
what habitat monoplacophora
marine
27
do monoplacophora have metanephridia ifso how many pairs
3-7 pairs of metanephtridia
28
do monoplacophora howmany pairs ctenidia
3-6 pairs
29
how many pairs pedal retractor muscles in monoplacophora
8 pairs
30
monoplacophora phylogeny debate
thought to be missing link b/w mollusca and annelida( seg worms) -but analysis proves wrong -because of haphazard association of organs
30
31
how do monoplacophora feed
scrape material off hard substrate
32
what clade is class gastropoda
conchifera
33
wow crazy about gastropoda
largest class of molluscs
34
how many spp of molluscs
32000
35
symmetry of gastropods
asymmetrical adults
36
shell of gastropods
single spiral shell where body is withdrawn
37
what us opening of shell where body emerges
aperture
38
what is the main axis of shell
columella
39
what is each turn of shell called
whorm
40
what is a body whorl
where body currently retracts into
41
spire
rest of shell
42
what is the larval shell caleld
protoconch
43
what is lost independently in many gastropods
shell
44
aperature on left
sinistral
45
aperture on right
dextral
46
how does body attach to inside of shell
columellar muscle
47
where are tentacles gastropod and how many
head, they are sensory 1-2 pairs
48
foot gastropod
well developed, secretes mucus for movement
49
prosobranch condition
gills located anterior to heart
50
opisthobranch
gills located posterioor to heart
51
pulm
lung
52
gastropods that lack gills are
terrestrial or secondarily freshwater pulmonates
53
movement in gastropods
-some swim with fin extentions -movement via crawling
54
how is crawling achieved
muscular waves
55
aids muscular waves
pedal mucus
56
direct waves
forward direction waves
57
retrograde waves
reverse direction
58
what properties of pedal mucus change
cause it to be sticky when foot moving slow and slippery when moving fast
59
gastropoda feeding
rasping grazers of algae -presumably ancestral
60
cone snails
predatory snails w harpoon radula
61
how does harpoon stylets work in cone snails
injects venom that paralyzes victim
62
nudibranchs what do they eat?
feed on cnidarians
63
what helps nudibranchs eat
kleptocnidism
64
what is kleptocnidism
prevents cnidae from firing
65
why are some nudibranches brightly coloured
they store toxic chemicals from poniferan prey aposematism
66
Aposematism meaning
tell visual predators to stay away
67
gastropoda reproduction
internal fertilization and copulate w very long penis
68
gastropoda development
classic protosome development - trochophore larva stage
69
what stage do many marine gastropods share?
the veliger the trochophore
70
what does the veliger have?
operculum and velum
71
velum
two cilliated lobes what velier uses to swim and feed
72
veliger
larval stage following trochophore
73
terrestrial larval stages
reduced and inside egg
74
what stage does tortion take place
veliger
75
what is tortion
visceral mass and mantle rotate 90 to 180 degrees, moving hind end towards head
76
what does tortion result in
-mantle cavity, openings to anus and excretory systems become anterior -body asymmetries -twisted nervous system
77
what happens to gastropods that lost their shell
they detort
78
detortion
animal symmetrical on outside and asymmetrical on inside