Lecture 15 Flashcards
(11 cards)
What are the advantages for box stalls for horses?
- individual feeding
- hygienic
- safe for humans
- safe for horses
- protection from elements
What are the disadvantages for box stalls for horses?
- limited social contact
- limited exercise
- limited opportunity to perform natural behaviours
What are some alternative systems to box stalls?
open barn with free access to the outside, outdoor living in shelter
What are some advantages to tie-stalls in cows?
-efficient in terms of space
-convenience
- reduced competition
What are the stats for tie stalls in various countries?
Canada: 73%
USA: 62%
Norway: 88%
Sweden: 75%
What are the disadvantages for tie-stalls in cows?
- limited social contact and limited exercise
- limited exploration
How can welfare be improved in tie-stalls?
if periodic access to the outdoors
What welfare issues will be reduced if a cow has access to the outdoors?
incidence of hock injuries is reduced
- total rising time is reduced
What are some alternative systems to the tie-stall cow system?
free stall systems: with or without access to pasture
bedded pack: with or without access
What is a requirement in organic production?
pasture and open air outdoor access
