Lecture 15 Flashcards
What is integration
A response that occurs without you knowing it.
What is coordination
Preparing your body for what is about to occur
What is response?
Actually doing what you have decided.
What does it mean if neurons have different shapes?
Means it also has a different function
What are the two general features of neurons?
- Cells specialised for transmission of information
2. Four morphological types
What are the 3 general features of Glia?
- Support for neurons
- Five basic types (4 in CNS and 1 in PNS)
- Each type has a specific function
What are the 4 structures on a neuron?
Dendrites, cell body, axon and axon terminals.
What are the 2 features of Dendrites?
Receive input and send info to the cell body
What are the 2 features of a cell body?
Contains nucleus and organelles
Sums input
What are the 2 features of an axon?
Carries electrical impulses and may or may not be myelinated
What are the 2 features of an axon terminal?
End (terminus) of the axon and neurotransmitter release.
In the CNS a group of cell bodies is called?
Nucleus (Nuclei)
In the CNS a bundle of axons is called?
A tract
In the CNS a group of cell bodies in cerebral cortex or spinal cord is called?
Grey matter
In the CNS a bundle of axons in cerebral cortex or spinal cord is called?
White matter
In the PNS a group of cell bodies is called?
Ganglion (ganglia)
In the PNS a bundle of axons is called?
A nerve
What does the input zone consist of?
dendrites and cell body which receives chemical signals from other neurons
What does the summation zone consist of?
Axon hillock which decided to transmit a signal further or not
What does the conduction zone consist of?
Axon which may be quite long and that carries electrical signals between brain areas to and from spinal cord or to and from peripheral sensory receptors
What does the output zone consist of?
Axon terminals, which contact with input zone of other neurons which also release neurotransmitters (chemical signal).
What are the 4 morphological types of neurons? and describe them.
Multipolar- mutliple processes emanate from the cell body
Bipolar- Two processes emanate from the cell body
Unipolar- One process emanates from the cell body, then branches into dendrite and axon.
Anaxonic- No distinct axon and all processes look a like.
What are the 4 types of glia in CNS? and describe their features.
Astrocytes- supply nutrients to neurons, ensheath blood capillaries
Microglia- Immune cells of the CNS and engulfs microorganisms and debris
Ependymal cells- Line fluid filled spaces of brain and spinal cord and have cilia to circulate CSF
Oligodendrocytes- Support nerve fibres and ensheath them with myelin
What is the type of Glia in PNS and describe its features.
Schwann cells- Which supports peripheral nerve fibres, ensheath them with myelin and they are similar to oligodendrocytes in the CNS.
