lecture 15 - lower respiratory tract Flashcards
(47 cards)
what are the functions of the lower respiratory tract
- conducts air to/from the site of gas exchange
- completes cleaning, warming and humidifying of air
- provides a barrier between the air and blood, and a large surface for gas exchange
what passes through the larynx
passage for air only
where is the larynx located
anterior to the oesophagus
where does the larynx go to and from
from the hyoid bone to the trachea
what do cartilages in the larynx do
protect and maintain an open airway (patent)
what does the epiglottis do
closes over the airway when swallowing
what is the glottis
voice box
what are the two folds attached to the cartilages of the larynx
vocal folds and vestibular folds
what are the vocal cords also called
the ‘true’ vocal cords
what are the vestibular cords also called
the ‘false’ vocal cords
what causes sound waves in the vocal cords
the passing of air causes vibrations
what are the vocal cords used for
normal phonation
why do men have a deeper voice than women
testosterone affects the cartilage and muscle = resulting in longer, thicker folds - deeper voice
where are the vestibular folds located
superior to the vocal folds
what do vestibular folds prevent
foreign object entry to glottis
what can vestibular folds produce
very deep sounds
where is the trachea
anterior to the oesophagus
where does the trachea go to and from
the larynx and the primary bronchi
what is the function of the trachea
- maintain patent airway
- clean, warm and humidify air
what are the shapes of the cartilage rings in the trachea
c shaped
what are the trachealis
band of smooth muscle that connects the ends of cartilage rings
what is the function of the trachealis
contract for coughing
what is the muscularly escalators function
to remove debris to the pharynx to be swallowed and digested
what coats the surface of the muscularly escalator
mucus from goblet cells and mucus glands coat the surface
