Lecture 16 Flashcards
How does the movement of animals affect population growth models?
A) It has no significant impact.
B) It complicates the models by introducing factors like immigration and emigration.
C) It simplifies the models by reducing variables.
D) It only affects the models in aquatic environments.
B) It complicates the models by introducing factors like immigration and emigration.
What is a metapopulation?
A) A single large population with no subgroups.
B) A group of subpopulations that are geographically separated but connected by migration.
C) A population of a species that is extinct.
D) The total number of species in a given area
B) A group of subpopulations that are geographically separated but connected by migration.
How do scientists study animal movement in relation to habitat patches?
A) By observing the movement of animals in a laboratory setting only.
B) By tracking animals using satellite technology.
C) By examining which patches are occupied and the interactions between them.
D) By focusing exclusively on aquatic species.
C) By examining which patches are occupied and the interactions between them.
What is the significance of lambda (λ) in population dynamics?
A) It represents the migration rate of animals.
B) It is the finite per capita growth rate, indicating population growth until carrying capacity is reached.
C) It denotes the probability of species extinction.
D) It is used to measure the size of habitat patches
B) It is the finite per capita growth rate, indicating population growth until carrying capacity is reached
What is the relationship between source and sink populations?
A) Sink populations support the growth of source populations.
B) Source populations help maintain sink populations, which otherwise might go extinct.
C) There is no interaction between source and sink populations.
D) Sink populations are always larger than source populations.
B) Source populations help maintain sink populations, which otherwise might go extinct.
What is a metapopulation in ecology?
A) A population that migrates between different ecosystems.
B) A group of spatially separated populations of the same species which interact at some level.
C) A single, large population with a high genetic diversity.
D) A population that is isolated and has no interaction with other populations
B) A group of spatially separated populations of the same species which interact at some level.
Define ‘source population’ in the context of metapopulations.
A) A population that is declining in numbers and requires immigration to sustain itself.
B) A population from which individuals emigrate to other areas.
C) A population that is the primary habitat for a species.
D) A population that only exists in urban environments.
B) A population from which individuals emigrate to other areas.
hat does ‘sink population’ refer to in ecology?
A) A population that is the main contributor to ecosystem services.
B) A population that relies on immigrants from other populations to sustain itself.
C) A population that absorbs all resources from its environment.
D) A population that exists only in water bodies.
B) A population that relies on immigrants from other populations to sustain itself.
In population dynamics, what is lambda (λ) used to represent?
A) The rate of species extinction in a population.
B) The finite per capita growth rate of a population.
C) The migration rate of individuals in a population.
D) The genetic diversity within a population.
B) The finite per capita growth rate of a population.
Which of the following are fundamental assumptions of the Levins Metapopulation Model?
A. Patches are of varying quality and species prefer specific patches over others.
B. When a patch goes extinct, it significantly impacts the neighboring patches.
C. The landscape is homogeneous and species move between identical patches at random, and the extinction of one patch does not affect others.
D. Species movement is predictable and follows a specific pattern across the landscape.
Answer: C. The landscape is homogeneous and species move between identical patches at random, and the extinction of one patch does not affect others.
In the Levins Metapopulation Equilibrium Model, which of the following is an assumption regarding the nature of patches and species movement?
A. Patches are assumed to be randomly distributed with varying qualities, and species select patches based on these qualities over an extended time frame.
B. The model assumes that all patches are equally suitable for colonization and are evenly spaced, but in reality, species show preferences and selective movement between patches.
C. Species movements are non-random and targeted towards specific patches, and the spacing between patches is assumed to be irregular.
D. It is assumed that each patch has a different level of suitability, and the movement of species between patches is highly predictable and consistent over long time periods.
B. The model assumes that all patches are equally suitable for colonization and are evenly spaced, but in reality, species show preferences and selective movement between patches.
