Lecture 16 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are pre-synaptic receptors used for?
Used as a feedback mechanism to determine concentration of neurotransmitter
What is the name of the structure close to the CNS where sympathetic ganglia are?
Paravertebral sympathetic chain
Drug that works on mAChR
Tolterodine which is an antagonist used to treat overactive bladder.
Drugs can also be used to inhibit acetylcholinesterase in the treatment of myasthenia gravis etc
What is the Robles with many potential muscarinic receptor drugs
They have low selectivity and so will cause parasympathetic side effects like bronchocontriction and bradycardia
What can cause sludge syndrome?
Anything that results in parasympathetic overactivation.
Can be caused by organophosphate poisoning (cholinesterase inhibition)
Magic mushrooms
Drug overdose
Results in over stimulation of muscarinic receptors
What does SLUDGE stand for?
Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Defecation
GI upset
Emesis
How can you treat SLUDGE syndrome?
With atropine a muscarinic receptor antagonist
Muscarinic agonist?
Pilocarpine for glaucoma
Muscarinic antagonist?
Tolterodine used to treat overactive bladder
What do post ganglionic sympathetic neurons have that release neurotransmitter?
Varicosities
What is a noradenergic varicosities like?
Most noradrenalin neurotransmitter taken back up into the varicosity and reused
How is noradrenaline synthesised?
From tyrosine to DOPA to dopamine to noradrenaline.
Noradrenaline converted to adrenaline in adrenal medulla
What removes noradrenaline from synaptic cleft?
Uptake 1 and uptake 2 transporters.
What happens to noradrenaline not taken up into vesicles in pre synaptic terminal?
Metabolised by monoamine oxidase and catechol O methyltransferase
Give an example of adrenoreceptors agonist?
Salbutamol on B2 adrenoreceptors. Used because it is selective and opposes bronchoconstriction.
Specificity limits side effects
Give an example of a adrenoreceptor antagonist?
Atenolol B1 adrenoreceptor antagonist for high blood pressure (hypertension)
