Lecture 18: Pre-Implantation Genetic Screening and Diagnosis Flashcards
What is PGD? What does it do?
Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis
- technique to identify genetic defects in embryos created through IVF BEFORE implantation
What is PGS? What does it do?
Pre-Implantation Genetic Screening
- Embryos from normal genetic parents are screened for defects
What are the 3 major group of diseases regarding PGS/PGD?
1) Chromosomal Disorders
2) Single Gene Defects
3) Sex-linked disorders
What is an example of Chromosomal Disorder?
Down Syndrome
Karyotyoes are prepared from ______ cells that have been arrested in ___phase portion of the cell cycle, when ____ assume their most condensed conformations
mitotic
meta(phase)
chromosomes
Normal compliment of chromosomes, exact multiple of haploid numbers, 2n (46 chromosomes) is:
Euploidy
Abnormal number of chromosomes is:
Aneuploidy
3 complete sets of chromosomes, 3n (69 in humans) is:
Triploidy
Presence of additional (third) chromosome of one type in otherwise Diploid cell (2n+1)
Trisomy
Cell Cycle Review:
The cell “double checks” the duplicated chromosomes for error, making any needed repair
G2
Cell Cycle Review:
Cellular contents, excluding the chromosomes, are duplicated
G1
Cell Cycle Review:
Each of the 46 chromosomes is duplicated by the cell
S
Cell Cycle Review:
Cell cycle arrest
G0
Fixation of cells for cyrogenetics is:
Metaphase
Nuclear Division is:
Karyokinesis
Cytoplasm division is:
Cytokinesis