Lecture 19 Endocrine System & Sleep

Question 1

4 Functions of Circulatory System

Answer 1

Transport nutrients and gasses

Distributes heat

Heal wounds and fight off diseases

Carries hormones from gland to target

Question 2

What’s a gland?
(…secretes particular…)

Answer 2

An organ that secretes particular chemical substances

Question 3

What are hormones?

Answer 3

Chemical messengers carried by blood to organs/tissues to exert their function

Question 4

Exocrine glands are..
(Glands that dumps..)

Answer 4

Glands that dumps into ducts that lead out of the body or into another organ

(NOT PART OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM)

Question 5

Endocrine glands are…
(Group of cells…Molecular messengers…)

Answer 5

Group of cells that secretes molecular messengers into the bloodstream.

Question 6

Roles of pancreas in both endocrine and exocrine functions

Answer 6

Endo: Secretes Hormones

Exo: Secretes digestive juices and enzymes

Question 7

Role of hormone
(..Produced by ENDOCRINE GLANDS)

Answer 7

Causes response in a target cell or organ

Question 8

What are target cells?

Answer 8

A cell targeted by hormones

Question 9

How does target cells create responses?

Answer 9

Hormones must match the shape of the target cell

Question 10

What glands are part of the endocrine system?

Answer 10

Pineal
Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Thyroid
Parathyroids
Thymus
Adrenals
Ovary/Testies

Question 11

What is the pituitary gland?

Answer 11

A “master gland” where it commands other glands what to do and produces different hormones

Question 12

Role of hypothalamus
(Senses what, then tells who?)

Answer 12

Senses hormone levels in blood, then tells pituitary what to do

Question 13

Function of Pituitary gland(Master)
(Secretes what, influences what gland?)

Answer 13

Secretes hormones that influence all endocrine glands

Question 14

Function of Pineal gland
(To help you sleep)

Answer 14

Produces melatonin

Question 15

Thyroid gland role
(Influence, lowers, and increases what)
(BL/Bo)

Answer 15

Influences metabolic rate, lowers blood calcium levels, and increases bone calcium levels

Question 16

Function of Parathyroid glands
(^BG/¡Bo)

Answer 16

Increases blood calcium levels and lowers bone calcium levels

Question 17

Thymus gland role
(Immune response)

Answer 17

Stimulates immune response in children

Question 18

What’s adrenal gland?
(Think adrenaline)

Answer 18

Help prepare the body for stress and control blood pressure

Question 19

Function of pancreas

(In endocrine system)(Control what?)

Answer 19

Produces hormones that control BG
(Blood Glucose Level)

Question 20

Function of Ovaries

Answer 20

Produces hormones that control female characteristics and menstrual cycle

Question 21

Function of Testes

Answer 21

Produces a hormone that control male characteristics and sperm production

Question 22

What’s sleep?

Answer 22

Period of rest and recovery

Question 23

What hormones are increased during sleep?

Answer 23

Somatotropin (pituitary,hypothalamus)

Melatonin
(Pineal gland)

Question 24

How are Circadian Rhythms maintained by?
(Supra…)

Answer 24

Suprachiasmic Nuclei

Question 25

Function of Suprachiasmic Nuclei

Answer 25

Controls body temperature, alertness, and activity Signals pineal gland to release melatonin Signals pituitary gland to release growth hormones

Question 26

What’s sleep deprivation?

Answer 26

Lack of sleep; impairs physical, emotional, and cognitive function

Question 27

What’s sleep debt?

Answer 27

Difference between amount of sleep gain and amount of sleep needed to maintain wakefulness

Question 28

2 stages of sleep

Answer 28

Non-Rapid eye movement Rapid eye movement

Question 29

Stages of Non-REM sleep

Answer 29

1) relaxed, half-awake 2) brain activity slows and movement stops 3) deep sleep

Question 30

Negative effects of insufficient REM sleep

Answer 30

Impair memory and ability to learn new skills

Question 31

What’s insomnia?

Answer 31

Difficulty to fall asleep (Caused by stress)

Question 32

What’s sleep apnea? (Breathe)

Answer 32

Periods of non-breathing during sleep

Question 33

What’s central sleep apnea? (Brain fails to..?)

Answer 33

Brain fails to regulate diaphragm and breathing mechanisms correctly

Question 34

What’s obstructive sleep apnea? (Airway obstructed)

Answer 34

Upper airway obstructed during sleep

Question 35

What’s sleep eating disorder?

Answer 35

Disorder where a person eats and drinks while asleep

Question 36

What’s night eating syndrome?

Answer 36

Constant eating during night while awake