Lecture 19 Part 2

Question 1

Slide 39 What is a Hematoma?

Answer 1

??

Question 2

What is a soft cal

Answer 2

..

Question 3

How long does it take to repair the fracture process?

Answer 3

..

Question 4

What is the green area on slide 41?

Answer 4

never mind

Question 5

After 6 weeks, you can see the vascularization taking place slide 42

Answer 5

white is the marrow

Question 6

What does fracture healing require?

Answer 6

VEGF

Question 7

Slide 43

Answer 7

..

Question 8

What happens during the early phase of imapired healing in Osteoporotic fractures?

Answer 8

In normal: In osteoporotic:

Question 9

What happens during the Midphase of osteoporotic fractures?

Answer 9

In normal: In osteoporotic:

Question 10

What happens during the late phase of osteoporotic fractures?

Answer 10

In normal: In osteoporotic:

Question 11

What is the hall mark of tumor development?

Answer 11

Angiogenesis

Question 12

How do tumors become highly vascularized?

Answer 12

By using growth factors like VEGF

Question 13

How doe VEGF opetate in tumor growth?

Answer 13

….

1. In early tumor development, VEGF can help establish a new vasculature
2. As the vasculature networks develops, VEGF can dontinue to help new vasculature grow…
3. slide 48..

Question 14

What is the role of VEGF in tumor angiogenesis?

Answer 14

Slide 50

Question 15

Whats hapening on slide 50

Answer 15

slide 50

Question 16

whats happening on slide 51

Answer 16

….

Question 17

What inhibits Angiogenesis?

Answer 17

Enostatin and Angiostatin

Question 18

What is Endo statin?

Answer 18

Endostatin is naturally occuring,

serves as an anti-angiogenic angent

Question 19

What is Angiostatin?

Answer 19

38kd

is part of a bigger protein called plasmin

Plasmin itself is part of another big protein called plasminogen

Question 20

How do you start from Plasminogen and get all the way to Angiostatin?

Answer 20

Slide 54

Question 21

What are Anti-angiogenic Cancer therapies?

Answer 21

Slide 55

Question 22

What are the side effects of using Anti-angiogenic Cancer therapies?

Question 23

Where can Anti-angiogenic Cancers therapies interfere with the normal actions of VEGF?

Question 24

Explain what’s happening in this slide

Endostatin Treatment

Answer 24

Slide 57

…

as soon as they stop treatment, the tumor reappeared

after a second round of endostatin, tumor was mininmized to the point of very little regrowth

Need to reduce tumor growth to 0?

Question 25

KNOW SLIDE 58

Answer 25

Tyrosice activity

Question 26

What is the mechanism of action of anti cancer angiogenesis inhibitors VEGF

Answer 26

Slide 59

Question 27

What does ATP do in this slide

Answer 27

Slide 60

Question 28

What is Macular degeneration result?

Answer 28

Vision loss, center of vision field is blurry or abscent b/c there's a mass in the eye blocking the vision Slide 61

Question 29

What's happened in slide 62

Answer 29

slide 62

Question 30

slide 63

Answer 30

?

Question 31

What is demonstrated in slide 64

Answer 31

VEGF is required for vascularization

Question 32

What's the monoclonal antibody therapy?