lecture 2

Question 1

Observed cork cells using his invented

microscope

Answer 1

Robert Hooke

Question 2

when was the term cell coind

Answer 2

1665

Question 3

1st statement of the cell theory

Answer 3

All living organisms are composed of one or more cells

Question 4

2nd statement of the cell theory and scientists

Answer 4

Cells are the basic structural unit of every
living organism
-Schleiden and Schwann

Question 5

3rd statement of the cell theory and the scientist

Answer 5

All cells arise from pre-existing cells

-Virchow

Question 6

state the 4 types of microscopes

Answer 6

light microscope. fluorescence microscope, transmission electron microscope, and scanning electron microscope

Question 7

Has a true nucleus and other

membrane bound organelles

Answer 7

eukaryotic cell

Question 8

DNA is circular and freefloating in the cytoplasm

Answer 8

prokaryotic cell

Question 9

DNA is linear and contained in

the nucleus

Answer 9

eukaryotic cell

Question 10

what are the 3 different cell shapes

Answer 10

tubular, cuboidal, and elongated

Question 11

outermost portion
- made up mostly of cellulose
- first line of defense for plants
against pathogens

Answer 11

cell wal

Question 12

double membrane organelle
- selectively permeable (allows gases, hydrophobic
molecules and small polar molecules can pass through
freely by osmosis)

Answer 12

cell/plasma membrane

Question 13

where the hereditary material
(DNA) is located
-control cellular activities

Answer 13

nucleus

Question 14

a network of sacs that
manufactures, processes,
and transports chemical
compounds for use inside
and outside of the cell
-also connects between
cells via plasmodesmata

Answer 14

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

for distribution and
packaging of the cell's
chemical products
-it also modifies proteins
and fats built in the
endoplasmic reticulum
and prepares them for
export outside of the
cell

Answer 15

golgi apparatus

Question 16

oblong shaped, double membrane
organelle found in the cytoplasm
-Site of cellular respiration

Answer 16

mitochondrion

Question 17

double membrane organelles for

photosynthesis and storage

Answer 17

plastids

Question 18

site of photosynthesis

Answer 18

cholorlasts

Question 19

– precursor of all plastids

Answer 19

proplastids

Question 20

– plastids found in etiolated plants

Answer 20

etioplasts

Question 21

store fats and oils

Answer 21

elaioplasts

Question 22

colorless plastids found nonphotosynthetic tissues of plants

Answer 22

leucoplasts

Question 23

store protein

Answer 23

proteinoplast

Question 24

store starch

Answer 24

amyloplast

Question 25

stores pigments

Answer 25

chromoplast

Question 26

``` a diverse group of organelles that are found in the cytoplasm, roughly spherical and bound by a single membrane - Removes toxic substances from the cell (ex.hydrogen peroxide – common product of cellular metabolism) - Contains hydrolytic enzymes ```

Answer 26

peroxisomes

Question 27

``` small tubes that connect plant cells to each other, providing living bridges between cells - Serve for cell to cell communication ```

Answer 27

plasmodesmata

Question 28

storage site; maintains turgidity of the cell

Answer 28

vacuole

Question 29

enumerate the 3 types of plant cells

Answer 29

parenchyma cells, collenchyma cells, sclerenchyma cells

Question 30

a plant cell type that is alive at maturity; thin primary | walls; metabolism and storage

Answer 30

parenchyma cells

Question 31

a plant cell type that is alive at maturity; unevenly | thickened primary walls; support

Answer 31

collenchyma cells

Question 32

a plant cell type that is – dead at maturity; thick | secondary walls; support

Answer 32

sclerenchyma cells