Lecture 2

Question 1

what is the role of the pituitary gland?

Question 2

What is the relationship between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland?

Question 3

What are the two major subdivisions of the human hypophysis?

Answer 3

Anterior( adeno) and the posterior ( neuro)

Question 4

What is a neurosecretory nerve cell?

Question 5

What are neurohormones?

Question 6

What is the significance of the supraoptic and periventricular nuclei of the neurohypophysis ?

Answer 6

cell bodies of the neurosecretory cells are located here.

Question 7

What 2 neurohormones are released from these hormones?

Answer 7

Oxytocin and Vasopressin (ADH)

Question 8

list several functions of oxytocin

Answer 8

contraction of mamary glands? Ejection of milk and uterine contractions

Question 9

list several functions of ADH

Answer 9

Water retention by the kidneys and blood vessel constriction

Question 10

Name the various hormones that are released from the endocrine cells of the anterior pituitary gland

Answer 10

GH
PRL
TSH
AcTH
LH/FSH

Question 11

11. why is the connection between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary gland considered to be vascular?

Answer 11

Hypophyseal portal system.

Question 12

what is the significance of the hypophysiotropic area (HTA)

Question 13

What is the importance of the hypothalamo-hypophysial portal system ?

Question 14

What are relasing and release inhibiting hormones? where are they from and what are their target cells?

Question 15

what is the mechanism of Gnrh synthesis

Question 16

where are the cell bodies of the GnRH secreting cells located

Answer 16

the Arcuate nucleus of the HTA

Question 17

why can GnRH be considered a neurohormone?

Answer 17

it is released from neurosecretory cells in the hypothalumus

Question 18

what is the importance of the pulsatile pattern of GnRH release?

Answer 18

LH and FSH and GnrH releasing neurons located in the Arcuate nucleus.