Lecture 2

Question 1

What’s the difference between nucleic acids and nucleotides

Answer 1

Nucleotides are the building blocks that make up nucleic acids

Question 2

How are nucleotides bonded together

Answer 2

By phospodiester bonds

Question 3

What are the 2 main nucleic acids

Answer 3

DNA and RNA

Question 4

What dose DNA carry

Answer 4

Genetic information that is inherited and passed down through cell division

Question 5

What are the nucleotides

Answer 5

DNA: ATCG
RNA: AUCG

Question 6

What are nucleotides composed of

Answer 6

Nitrogenous base
Pentose (5 carbon sugar)
Phosphate group

Question 7

What is a nucleoside

Answer 7

Molecule composed of nitrogenous base linked to 5 carbon sugar (NO PHOSPHATE)

Question 8

What is a base

Answer 8

Nitrogen containing ring

Question 9

Which are the pyrimidines

Answer 9

C T U

Question 10

What are the purines

Answer 10

G A

Question 11

What sugar in DNA

Answer 11

Deoxyribose

Question 12

What sugar is in RNA

Answer 12

Ribose

Question 13

What is the role of the sugar

Answer 13

Holds the nucleotide together

Question 14

How many phosphate groups can nucleotides have

Answer 14

1 2 or 3

Question 15

What are the constants

Answer 15

Sugar (ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides)
The phosphate

Question 16

How many phosphate groups dose a polynucleotide have

Answer 16

One

Question 17

What’s the variable

Answer 17

The base

Question 18

What’s the nucleosides matched to the bases

Answer 18

Adenine= adenosine
Guanine=guanosine
Cytosine= cytidine
Uracil= uridine
Thymine= thymidine

Question 19

What is a nucleoside mono phosphates

Answer 19

A nucleotide

Question 20

What is the sugar in RNA

Answer 20

Ribose

Question 21

What are the bases in RNA

Answer 21

A C G U

Question 22

How many strands in RNA

Answer 22

Single stranded forming bonds with itself

Question 23

Is there hydrogen bonds in RNA

Answer 23

No

Question 24

What is the sugar in DNA

Answer 24

Deoxyribose

Question 25

What is the bases in DNA

Answer 25

A G C T

Question 26

How many strands in DNA

Answer 26

Double stranded

Question 27

What direction in the base pair bonds in DNAi

Answer 27

Anti parallel

Question 28

What bond holds base pairs together

Answer 28

Hydrogen bonding

Question 29

How many bonds in a AT bond

Answer 29

2

Question 30

How many bonds are in a GC bond

Answer 30

3

Question 31

What holds nucleotides together

Answer 31

Covalent phospodiester bonds

Question 32

Where dose the phosphodiester occur

Answer 32

The OH group on the 3’ Carbon of one nt to the phosphate on the 5’C of the next nt

Question 33

Is the bonding straight

Answer 33

No it turns to form a helix

Question 34

What are DNA molecules

Answer 34

2 polynucleotide chains that spiral around an imaginary axis forming a double helix

Question 35

What dose a purine bind to

Answer 35

Pryrimidine

Question 36

What do we call the start of the strand

Answer 36

5 prime (5’)

Question 37

What do we call the end of the strand

Answer 37

3 prime (3’)