Lecture 2 & 3 Flashcards
(25 cards)
How can you tell adequate inspiration on a scan
If you can count 6 ribs
CR
Conventional radiography
CT
Computer Tomography
MRI
Magnetic Resonanse imaging
NMI
Nuclear Medicine Imaging
US
Ultrasound
What is Ultrasonography
A medical imaging modality that uses acoustical energy to localize and characterize human tissues
What are the three major components for the creation of sonograpgic image?
-production of a high frequency sound wave
-reception of the reflected wave/echo
-conversion of the echo into the actual picture
3 types of transducer type
-linear
-curvilinear
-phased array
What is transmitted using the US and describe the scan
Fluid, anechoic= dark
What is reflected using the US and desc
Bones and air, hyperechoic= bright
What is in between using the US and desc
Iso/hypo/hyperechoic = shades of gray
A mode US
Simplest, spikes along a line represents the signal amplitude at a certain depth, used mainly in ophthalmology
B mode US
Diagnostic imaging
M mode US
Used to show moving structures such as blood flow or motion of the heart valves
Dopple US
Uses dopple effect to assess blood flow. Used for vascular ultrasound.
Duplex Ultrasonography
Refers to the simultaneous use of both 1)grayscale or colour doppler to visualize the structure and flow within a vessel 2) spectral doppler to quantitate flow
US characteristics of a simple cyst
-anechoic
-smooth walls and well circumscribed
-posterior acoustic enhancements
-sharp posterior wall
What are acoustic shadows
Cholelithiasis cast acoustical shadows as they reflect most of the sound waves
What is nuclear medicine
A branch of radiology in which small amounts of a low dose radioactive solution / radiotracer is used to diagnose
NM vs radiology
Radiology= external source of radiation passes through the body to make images
- NM = radiation is internalized to make an image
What is radiopharmaceuticals
Combination of radio isotopes attached to a pharmaceutical that has binding properties that allow it to concentrate in certain body tissues
What is PET
Used to diagnose and treatment follow up of cancer. Used to locate hidden metastasis form a know tumor or detect a recurrence
Radioactive isotope/ radioisotope
Naturally/artificially produced unstable form of an element that emits radiation from its nucleus as it decays
