Lecture 2 Flashcards

(27 cards)

1
Q

True predation

A

predators kill their prey

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2
Q

Herbivore

A

animal that feeds on plants

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3
Q

Parasitism

A

a parasite living on/outside another organism

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4
Q

Resource competition

A

negative interaction between 2 organisms, of the same or different species, over resources that are in short supply

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5
Q

Interference competition

A

organisms seeking a resource harm one another in the process, even if the resource is not in short supply

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6
Q

Interspecific

A

BETWEEN species

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7
Q

intraspecific

A

WITHIN species

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8
Q

checkerboard distribution

A

consist of a pair of species with exclusive island‐by‐island distributions, but that have overlapping geographical ranges.

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9
Q

physico chemical limiting factors

A

temperature
moisture
light

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10
Q

when are temperature ranges smallest over the globe?

A

at low latitudes and over oceans

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11
Q

Where in the globe is precipitation higher?

A

over equator

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12
Q

homeotherm

A

an organism that maintains its body temperature at a constant level by metabolic activity

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13
Q

Isotherm

A

a line on a map connecting points having the same temperature at a given time or on average over a given period

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14
Q

ecotype

A

a group of organisms within a species that are adapted to different environmental conditions and therefore differ from one another in structure and physiology

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15
Q

How can ecotypes be distinguished in plants?

A

by collecting seeds from individuals along some environmental gradient and growing seedlings in a ‘common garden’

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16
Q

Name three limiting climatic factors

A

temperature, moisture, light

17
Q

How does light limit the local distribution of organisms/plants?

A
  • timing e.g. photoperiodism, daily activity cycles

- photosynthesis

18
Q

name the three photosynthetic strategies

19
Q

what does CAM stand for?

A

Crassulacean acid metabolism

20
Q

How are C4 plants more photosynthetically adapted than C3?

A
  • more efficient anatomically
  • photosynthesises faster at high light
  • more common intropics than in temperate/polr region
21
Q

what type is the majority of plants?

22
Q

What is the C3 pathway?

A

co2 + RuDP -> (RuDP carboxylase) -> phosphoglyeric acid

23
Q

C4 pathway?

A

co2 + PEP -> PEP carboxylase -> malic acid + aspartic acid

24
Q

Which type of plant contains Krantz anatomy?

25
what components make up the Krantz anatomy?
- epidermis - mesophyll cell - bundle sheath cell
26
In which type of plant can the chlorophyll containing cells be found?
C3
27
How are desert succulents evolved CAM?
- open their stomata at night to minimise water loss | - therefore CO2 is stored as malic acid and used during the day